Les règles du Roller Derby sur piste plate

Traduction officielle des règles publiées le 1er JANVIER 2017.

Modifications

Les modifications sont permises uniquement avec le consentement de la Women’s Flat Track Derby Association.

LANGUES OFFICIELLES

La WFTDA publie les règles en diverses langues. En cas de divergence sur la formulation d’une version en langue étrangère des Règles du Flat Track Roller Derby, le texte anglais a autorité.

MESURES

Les dimensions indiquées dans le système métrique sont arrondies et dès lors approximatives. Les dimensions anglo-saxonnes prévalent.

NOTE À L’ATTENTION DES LECTEUR·RICES FRANCOPHONES

Le neutre n’existant pas en français, les termes neutres anglais destinés à inclure à la fois des éléments masculins et féminins ont été traduits selon la règle de l’écriture inclusive, avec un point médian simple. Ainsi, on vous parlera de joueur·ses. Par ce biais, nous reflétons la politique de genre inclusive de la WFTDA tout en refusant d’invisibiliser la femme dans le langage.

Certains termes propres au Roller Derby ont été laissés en anglais dans le même but de compréhension du jeu car ces termes sont employés en match dans leur langue d’origine. Un lexique a été ajouté en fin de document pour ces termes.

Résumé

Le Roller Derby sur piste plate se joue sur une piste plate et ovale. Un match est divisé en deux périodes de 30 minutes et, au sein de ces périodes, en phases de jeu appelées Jams, qui durent jusqu’à deux minutes. Il y a 30 secondes de pause entre chaque Jam.

Pendant un Jam, chaque équipe aligne jusqu’à cinq Patineur·ses. Quatre de ces Patineur·ses s’appellent Bloqueur·ses (ensemble, les Bloqueur·ses sont appelé·es le Pack) et le·la cinquième est le·la « Jammeur·se ». Le·la Jammeur·se porte un couvre-casque avec une étoile sur celui-ci.

The two Jammers start each Jam behind the Pack, and score a point for every opposing Blocker they lap, each lap. Because they start behind the Pack, they must get through the Pack, then all the way around the track to be eligible to score points on opposing Blockers.

Le Roller derby est un sport de contact ; toutefois, les Patineur·ses ne peuvent utiliser leurs tête, avant-bras, coudes, mains, genoux, le bas des jambes ou leurs pieds pour effectuer un contact avec les adversaires. Les Patineur·ses ne peuvent effectuer un contact vers la tête, le dos, les genoux, le bas des jambes ou les pieds des adversaires.

Une action de jeu qui est considérée comme dangereux ou illégal peut entraîner une pénalité pour le·la Patineur·se qui en est à l’origine, pénalité qu’il·elle purgera en étant retenu·e dans la Penalty Box pendant 30 secondes de temps de Jam.

L’équipe qui a le plus de points à la fin du match gagne.

Un Jam classique se déroule de la sorte :

1. Les Bloqueur·ses s’alignent entre la ligne de Pivot et la ligne de Jammeur·se.

2. Les Jammeur·ses s’alignent derrière la ligne de Jammeur·se.

3. Lors du coup de sifflet de départ du Jam, les Bloqueur·ses patinent vers l’avant et rivalisent pour la meilleure position. Les Jammeur·ses patinent vers l’avant et essaient de passer à travers le Pack. Chaque Bloqueur·se essaie d’empêcher le·la Jammeur·se adverse de le·la dépasser tout en essayant d’aider son.sa propre Jammeur·se dans son passage.

4. L’un·e des Jammeur·ses sort du Pack et est déclaré.e Lead Jammer, gagnant alors le droit de mettre fin au Jam quand il.elle le souhaite. Ce·tte Jammeur·se fait un tour de piste afin de pouvoir commencer à marquer des points.

5. Le·la même Jammeur·se commence à se faufiler à travers le Pack pour la deuxième fois tandis que le·la Jammeur·se adverse réussit à se frayer un chemin en dehors du Pack pour la première fois.

6. Lorsque le·la Jammeur·se qui est sorti·e du Pack en second arrive à son deuxième passage pour commencer à marquer des points, le·a premier·ère Jammeur·se demande l’arrêt du Jam.

7. The first Jammer has scored points (up to four), and held their opponent at zero points. Meanwhile, the opposing Jammer (by getting into scoring position) held the first Jammer at only those points, as they could have scored more points on subsequent passes.

1. Paramètres du match et sécurité

1.1. Structure

A game lasts for 60 minutes of play, divided into two 30-minute periods with a halftime between them. Periods are broken into Jams, which are the basic unit of play for roller derby.

Jam Timing

Un Jam peut durer jusqu’à deux minutes. Les Jams peuvent être arrêtés avant ces deux minutes dans le cadre du jeu, tel que décrit ci-dessous. Chaque Jam commence par un coup de sifflet court et se termine à la fin d’une série de quatre coups de sifflet courts. Au moins 30 secondes doivent s’écouler entre les Jams. Plus de 30 secondes peuvent s’écouler si un temps mort est demandé.

Period Timing

A period starts on the Jam-Starting Whistle of the first Jam for that period. The period clock does not stop between Jams unless a timeout is called. If the period clock reaches zero before the next Jam has started, the period ends at that moment; otherwise, the period ends at the conclusion of the final Jam for the period.

Additional Jams

If a Jam is called off due to officiating discretion (see Section 5.2) or there is an officiating error that potentially impacts which team wins or loses the game, and there are less than 30 seconds remaining on the period clock at the end of the game (including when the period clock has expired), an additional Jam may be run at the discretion of the Head Referee. This additional Jam will have the same form (Overtime or not; see Section 1.5.1) as the Jam that ended and be part of the same period.

1.2. Équipes

A team is composed of Skaters, who must be uniquely identified by a roster number. Each team must have a jersey of the same base color, such that uniform colors of the two teams playing are of high contrast.

Skater Identification

Roster numbers must be clearly displayed on a Skater’s back and upper arm areas. Each team must have helmet covers to clearly indicate who their Jammer and Pivot are. The Jammer and Pivot helmet covers for the two teams must be easy to differentiate.

Captains and Alternates

Each team may have one Captain and one Alternate. The Captain must be a Skater able to serve penalties on behalf of their team. The Alternate may be a non-skating participant. A team must designate a Captain if one is necessary to serve a penalty on behalf of the team. The Captain and Alternate must be visibly identified by wearing a « C » and an « A », respectively, on their uniform or body.

Equipment

Skaters must wear quad-style roller skates and protective gear during play. Inline skates are not permitted. Protective gear may not be removed during play. Protective gear may not impair or interfere with the safety or play of other Skaters, support staff, or Officials.

Injured Skaters

Skaters who are injured during play may return to play as long as they are no longer apparently injured or bleeding. A Skater whose injury alters the flow of the game (examples include a Jam being called off, a period clock stoppage, or a substitute being seated in the Penalty Box) may not participate during the following three Jams (extending into the following period if necessary). A Skater whose injury alters the flow of the game more than once in a period may not participate as a Skater for the rest of that period.

Forfeits

The Head Referee may declare that a team has forfeited the game if that team has five or fewer Skaters eligible to participate, or refuses to field Skaters on the track to continue play.

1.3. Temps morts (Timeouts)

Teams and Officials may stop the period clock by calling a timeout. Timeouts may only be called between Jams, though Officials may end a Jam in order to call an Official Timeout. The beginning of a timeout is marked by four short whistle blasts, and the end of a timeout is marked by a long rolling whistle, after which the next Jam begins as soon as possible if there is time remaining on the period clock. At most, 30 seconds may pass before the next Jam begins. The period clock starts again at the Jam-Starting Whistle.

There are three types of timeouts:

1.3.1. Temps mort d’équipe (Team Timeouts, TTO)

Each team may take three timeouts during the game. Team Timeouts may be requested only by the team’s Captain or Alternate. Captains or Alternates currently serving a penalty cannot request a Team Timeout. Team Timeouts last for 60 seconds.

1.3.2. Révisions d’arbitrage (Official Review, OR)

Both teams begin each period with one Official Review which they may use during that period. An Official Review is a formal request made by a team’s Captain or Alternate for Officials to review a specific officiating decision. Captains or Alternates currently serving a penalty cannot request an Official Review.

The only officiating decisions that can be the subject of an Official Review are those made:

• During the prior Jam;

• After the prior Jam; or

• During the Lineup Time preceding the prior Jam.

After the final Jam of a Period, an Official Review may be requested within 30 seconds of the conclusion of the Jam. This review may only result in an additional Jam under the conditions in Section 1.1.

Official Review Procedure

The Head Referee investigates the review with other Officials, and uses the information gathered to render a decision on the item under review, as well as related decisions. The Head Referee then announces their findings and any changes that result from the review to both teams” representatives. This decision is final and not reviewable.

Official Review Outcomes

If the Head Referee determines that an officiating error was made in relation to the situation under review, the team will retain the privilege to call an additional review later in the same period. The review can be retained in this manner only once per period. Official Reviews (whether unused or retained) are not carried forward to the subsequent period.

Official Reviews as Timeouts

A team may elect to use any of their Official Reviews as a 60 second timeout. In this case, the review will not be retained.

1.3.3. Temps morts d’arbitrage (Official Timeouts, OTO)

Officials may take a timeout in order to ensure that the game is running smoothly and correctly.

If a Jam ends with less than 30 seconds remaining on the Period clock, and an Official Timeout is taken, Officials must determine if there is a reason to hold another Jam in that Period.

If the Officials determine that there is no reason to hold another Jam, both teams must be given an opportunity to call a Team Timeout or Official Review (if they have any remaining). If they decline, the period will end.

1.4. Informations du match

Critical game information must be displayed in a manner that is highly visible to teams, officials, and spectators. This displayed information is considered official, and must include, at a minimum:

• The period clock

• The Jam clock

• The official score

Les erreurs de chronomètre ou de score doivent être corrigées le plus vite possible. Si une erreur persiste pendant une période de temps prolongée, elle doit être corrigée uniquement si cela a un impact limité sur le match.

1.5. Victoire

L’équipe qui a le plus de points à la fin du match remporte le match.

1.5.1. Prolongation

If the game ends with the score tied, the second period will be extended by at least one additional Jam. This Overtime Jam is like any other Jam, but with these changes:

• The Lineup Time before the Jam is sixty seconds.

• No Lead Jammer is declared.

• Both Jammers begin scoring on their first trip through the Pack (each Jammer is in position to lap the opposing Blockers on their first earned pass of those Blockers).

More Overtime Jams will be added until a Jam ends with the score no longer tied.

2. Le jeu

2.1. Le Track (la piste)

The track must conform to the standardized dimensions of the WFTDA Track Specifications. (Fig. 2.1) The track must be flat, clean, and suitable for roller skating.

Boundary Lines

The track must be marked by a boundary that stands in high contrast to the floor. The boundary counts as part of the track (the boundary is « in bounds ») and may not vary in width around the track. The track boundary, Pivot Line, and Jammer Line may be of any pattern or color so long as they clearly mark the edge of the track.

Penalty Box and Team Areas

Near the track, an area must be marked out for each team (the Team Bench Area) and for the Penalty Box. The boundary in these cases must also be high contrast and counts as part of the relevant area. For example, the boundary for the Penalty Box counts as part of the Penalty Box. Only Skaters who are actively serving a penalty may enter the Penalty Box Area.

Fig. 2.1 The Track (Track Layout and Design © 2002 Electra Blu/Amy Sherman, Texas Rollergirls, used here with permission)

2.2. Skater Roles

For each Jam, a team must field one Jammer, and at most four Blockers. One of these Blockers may be designated as the Pivot. Any Skaters who are not completely on the track at the Jam-Starting Whistle may not participate in the Jam, and do not count toward these limits. Skaters serving penalties (in, or on their way to, the Penalty Box) are counted toward these limits. Teams must field at least one Blocker who is not serving a penalty. Skaters may not change Roles during a Jam, except in the case of a Star Pass (see below).

2.2.1. Jammeur·ses

The Jammer is denoted as the Skater in visible possession of the Jammer helmet cover (a.k.a. the Star) at the beginning of the Jam.

Identification

The Jammer for the upcoming Jam is determined based on this order:

1. The Jammer from the previous Jam who is in, or en route to, the Penalty Box

2. The Skater who visibly controls the Star, who has lined up in the Jammer Starting Position

3. The Skater who visibly controls the Star, who has lined up In Bounds, but out of position

If no Skater from a team satisfies any items in this list, that team has not fielded a Jammer, and the Jam should not start. If multiple Skaters from a team satisfy the same item in the list, that team is acting in an illegal way, and the Jam should not start.

Controlling the Star

The Star may only be carried by the Jammer wearing it on their helmet, or by that team’s Jammer or Pivot holding it in their grasp. Other Skaters may not control the Star, and the Jammer and Pivot may not hide the Star (for example, putting it in a pocket or hiding it in a uniform).

Jammer Privileges

The Jammer is the only Skater who can score points for their team (see Section 3). Jammers may also legally exit and remain outside of the Engagement Zone.

2.2.2. Lead Jammer

The Lead Jammer (Lead) is the first eligible Jammer who establishes superior position to the foremost in-play Blocker, having already earned a pass on all Blockers excluding those ahead of the Engagement Zone (see Section 2.5). When one Jammer is determined to be the Lead Jammer, this is indicated by two short whistle blasts. If both Jammers qualify for Lead at the same moment (for example, if the foremost Blocker goes Out of Play), the foremost Jammer at that moment will be declared Lead.

Lead Eligibility

Both Jammers begin each Jam eligible to earn Lead Jammer status during that Jam. A Jammer becomes ineligible to earn Lead during a Jam if they commit a penalty during that Jam or the Lineup Time before that Jam, exit the front of the Engagement Zone without having earned Lead on their initial trip, remove their helmet cover, or have their helmet cover removed by a teammate. Only Skaters who begin the Jam as Jammers may become Lead (so a Pivot who receives the Star cannot become Lead).

Loss of Lead Jammer Status

The Lead Jammer will lose their Lead Jammer status if they commit a penalty, intentionally remove the Star once it is on, or have the Star intentionally removed from their head by a teammate. Lead Jammer status is maintained if the Star is removed via natural gameplay or is pulled off by an opponent.

Calling Off the Jam

The Lead Jammer is the only Skater who may call off a Jam before the full two minutes elapse. The Lead Jammer calls off the Jam by repeatedly placing their hands on their hips. The Lead Jammer retains the ability to call off the Jam even if they are not wearing the Star.

2.2.3. Pivot

The Pivot is a Blocker, and is denoted as the Skater in possession of the Pivot helmet cover (a.k.a. the Stripe) at the Jam-Starting Whistle. The Pivot wearing the Stripe with the stripe showing has several additional abilities that other Blockers do not.

• Le·la Pivot peut devenir le·la Jammeur·se de son équipe (voir Section 2.2.4).

• The Pivot may control the Star (pick it up, move it, etc.)

• Le·la Pivot peut commencer un Jam en touchant la ligne de Pivot.

When not wearing the Stripe with the stripe showing, the Pivot cannot utilize these additional abilities. Only the Pivot may legally control or wear the Stripe.

2.2.4. Star Pass (Passage de l’Étoile)

A team’s Jammer may transfer their Role to their team’s Pivot by successfully completing a legal Star Pass. A legal Star Pass requires the Jammer to hand the Star to their team’s Pivot while both Skaters are Upright, In Bounds, and In Play; and while neither Skater is en route to, or In Queue for, the Penalty Box. Upon releasing the Star into the Pivot’s grasp, the Role of Jammer is transferred to the Pivot. The new Jammer takes over for the previous Jammer in terms of points scored, trips through the Pack, and Skaters passed. The previous Jammer becomes a Non-Pivot Blocker.

Illegal Star Passes

If the Star is passed illegally, both Skaters retain their existing Roles. This includes:

• Releasing the Star into the grasp of a Skater other than their Pivot

• Releasing the Star into the Pivot’s grasp while either of the two Skaters is Down, Out of Bounds, Out of Play, or en route to the Penalty Box

• Releasing the Star into the Pivot’s grasp while the Pivot is In Queue for the Penalty Box (even if the Pivot is not yet en route)

• Releasing the Star into the grasp of a Pivot who is not wearing the Stripe

The initiator of an illegal Star Pass that impacts the game should be penalized.

Pivot Controlling the Star

If the Pivot comes into control of the Star though any means other than a legal Star Pass, they will be warned that they are not the Jammer. The Pivot may not put the Star on their own helmet, but they may hold the Star in their hand, drop it, or return it to the Jammer. Only the Jammer or Pivot may recover or control the Star.

2.2.5. Bloqueur·ses

All other Skaters are considered Blockers. Non-Pivot Blockers” helmets or helmet covers may not have any markings that could be confused for the Stripe or the Star.

2.2.6. Skater Starting Locations

Skaters start each Jam in the following locations on the track:

• Jammers must be behind or touching the Jammer Line.

• Blockers must be behind the Pivot Line and ahead of the Jammer Line.

• Additionally, Pivots may be touching the Pivot Line.

• If either Pivot is touching the Pivot Line, all non-Pivot Blockers must be behind that Pivot.

Illegally Positioned Skaters

Any skater who is In Bounds at the start of the Jam but is touching entirely out of their designated starting location should be penalized.

False Starting Skaters

Skaters in the following states at the Jam starting whistle are considered to have committed a False Start:

• A fully In Bounds Skater who is touching both inside and outside their designated starting location

• A non-Pivot Blocker whose hips are ahead of those of a Pivot who is touching the Pivot Line.

• A Jammer who is gaining speed in the counterclockwise direction at the Jam start.

False starting skaters are required to yield their position to all other Skaters in the immediate vicinity. Blockers who are required to yield are not considered for Pack definition until they have done so. Jammers who are required to yield cannot earn passes until they have done so.

2.3. Pack & Engagement Zone

The Pack is the largest group of In Bounds and Upright Blockers in proximity and containing members from both teams. If no single group of Blockers meets this definition, there is no Pack, even if there are multiple groups of the same size. Proximity is defined as not more than 10 ft (3.05m), in front of or behind the nearest Pack Skater. When a Skater is penalized, they are considered to no longer be on the track for the purposes of Pack definition and relative position determinations.

Les distances prises en compte pour définir le Pack et la zone d’engagement, sont mesurées comme étant la plus courte distance parallèle à la bordure intérieure de la piste entre les hanches des Patineur·ses.

Maintaining the Pack

It is the responsibility of all Blockers to maintain a Pack, and intentionally destroying the Pack is illegal. When the Pack is moving counterclockwise, stopped, or has no established speed, clockwise skating which destroys the Pack is illegal.

Reforming the Pack

When there is no Pack, all Blockers from both teams must act to reform a Pack. For Skaters in the rear group, this includes stepping or skating in the counterclockwise direction. For Skaters in the front group, this includes coasting, braking, or coming to a complete stop.

If an immediate action is not sufficient to reform the Pack, additional effort is required. If a Blocker is in the rear group, they must accelerate (until sprinting) toward the front group until a Pack is reformed (coasting, stepping slowly, or stepping in an only somewhat counterclockwise direction are insufficient), but they may slow in order to avoid unsafe contact when the Pack reformation is imminent. If a Blocker is in the front group, they must actively brake until they come to a complete stop (coasting is insufficient), but they are not required to skate clockwise.

Blocking Without a Pack

Blocks on or by Blockers which have impact while there is no Pack should be penalized.

Engagement Zone

The Engagement Zone is the area in which it is legal for Blockers to engage or be engaged. The Engagement Zone extends forward and backward 20 ft (6.10m) from the foremost and rearmost Pack Skaters, respectively. Any Blocker outside of the Engagement Zone is Out of Play and cannot engage or be engaged.

Returning to the Engagement Zone

Blockers who are outside of the Engagement Zone will be warned, and will be penalized if they do not immediately attempt to return to the Engagement Zone. Blockers ahead of the Engagement Zone are only compelled to skate clockwise to return to the Engagement Zone if the Pack is stopped or moving clockwise.

Blocking while Out of Play

Skaters who are illegally blocked while Out of Play may legally counter-block, but may not initiate new blocks or continue blocking beyond what is necessary for safety.

Blocking while Out of Bounds

Skaters who are blocked while completely Out of Bounds may actively absorb the block, but may not continue counter-blocking beyond that, and may not initiate a new block.

2.4. Blocages et Assistances

During a Jam, « Blocking » refers to any attempt at making physical contact to impede an opponent’s speed or movement, whether or not contact occurs. “Positional Blocking” refers to any attempt to position oneself so that an opponent’s speed or movement is impeded without the use of contact, whether or not the action is successful.

Initiation

All contact between opponents has an initiator. It is possible for two or more Skaters to mutually initiate blocks against one another.

2.4.1. Zones cibles

It is only legal to initiate a block to an opponent’s chest, front and sides of the torso, arms, hands, hips, and the front and sides of the legs above mid-thigh.

Fig. 2.2 Zones cibles légales

2.4.2. Zones de blocage

Il est légal d’initier un blocage uniquement à l’aide de son torse, des bras au-dessus du coude et des jambes au-dessus de la mi-cuisse.

Fig. 2.3 Zones de blocage légales

2.4.3. Counter Blocking

Counter-blocking is any movement towards an oncoming block by the receiving Skater designed to counteract an opponent’s block. Counter-blocking is blocking. Actions that meet the above description are considered blocking, even if accidental. Contact made to teammates is not considered blocking even if it is a disadvantage to the initiator or teammate.

2.4.4. Illegal Blocks and Assists

Skaters may not block or assist while Out of Bounds, Out of Play, down, stopped, or moving clockwise. Skaters also may not initiate a block on an opponent who is down, Out of Play, or fully Out of Bounds. Skaters may, however, initiate a block (or assist) on someone who is straddling, stopped, or moving in any direction (even clockwise). Skaters may not assist a teammate who is Out of Play or fully Out of Bounds; however, they may assist a downed teammate in returning to an Upright position.

2.5. Dépassement

Les Patineur·ses gagnent une position supérieure sur les autres Patineur·ses en les dépassant dans le sens anti-horaire.

On entend par dépasser un·e autre Patineur·se se déplacer de sorte que le centre de gravité d’un·e Patineur·se (au niveau des hanches) passe de derrière à devant le centre de gravité d’un·e autre Patineur·se.

Earned Passes

Jammers only « earn » a pass if the pass occurs while the Jammer is wearing the Star on their helmet with the stars showing and:

• The Jammer is Upright and In Bounds during the pass, or

• Another Skater skates behind the In Bounds Jammer, giving up their position.

All earned passes count as passes.

Not on the Track Points

As soon as a Jammer earns a pass on an opposing Blocker, they also earn a pass on any Blockers who are « not on the track »–meaning that they are not part of active gameplay for some reason–and who cease to be a part of active gameplay prior to the completion of the Jammer’s scoring trip. This includes Skaters who:

• Are sent to or serving time in the Penalty Box

• Leave the track due to injury

• Leave the track temporarily to fix equipment or skates

• Were not part of the Jam in the first place (because their team did not field the maximum number of Skaters)

• Return to active gameplay behind the Jammer

Airborne Passes

A Skater who passes someone while airborne is considered to be « in bounds » if they are In Bounds when they leave the floor and the first contact they make upon landing is In Bounds. A Skater who passes someone while airborne is considered to be « upright » if the Skater is Upright when they leave the floor, and if the first contact they make upon landing is with their skate to the floor.

3. Score

3.1. Marquer des points

Jammers score one point every time they lap an opposing Blocker. A Jammer laps a Blocker if they pass that opponent twice in a row (without that opponent having passed that Jammer), but score a point only if the lapping pass is earned (see Section 2.5). If an opponent is lapped but a point is not scored (because the lapping pass was not earned), the Jammer may yield position to that opponent and re-pass them, earning a pass, to score on that opponent.

Only Blockers can be scored upon. All Blockers are considered to be on the same trip, including former Jammers who have passed the Star.

3.2. Passages marquants

Points are grouped by trips through the Pack. One trip through the Pack ends, and the next begins, when the Jammer exits the front of the Engagement Zone (or, if no Pack can be defined, when the Jammer is more than 20 ft ahead of the foremost in-bounds member of the previous Pack). Upon completion of a trip through the Pack, the Jammer’s score for that trip can no longer be altered by returning to the previous trip. When a Jam ends, whatever trips the Jammers were on are considered to have been completed by the Jam ending.

Returning to the Previous Trip

If a Jammer enters the Engagement Zone from the front, they return to their previous trip until they exit the Engagement Zone from the front again. A Jammer cannot, however, fall behind by more than one trip. Whenever a Jammer exits the Engagement Zone from the front, they return to their latest trip. If a Jammer falls behind their initial trip through the Pack, passes on Blockers do not count toward scoring or lapping until they return to their initial trip through the Pack.

3.3. Comment éviter de se faire marquer

Opponents can only avoid being scored upon by remaining ahead of the Jammer, or by ensuring that when they are passed, the pass is not earned.

Blockers Unable to be Passed

If a Jammer completes a trip through the Pack without the opportunity to earn a pass on an opponent, the Jammer earns a pass on that opponent. This includes but is not limited to:

• Opponents who are ahead of the Engagement Zone when the Jammer completes their trip through the Pack by exiting the front of the Engagement Zone

• Opponents who are ahead of the Engagement Zone at the end of the Jam when the Jammer is on a scoring trip and ahead of the rearmost Pack Blocker

• Any Not On the Track Points (see Section 2.5) that the Jammer cannot earn because they complete their trip through the Pack without the opportunity to earn a pass on any opposing Blocker (which would earn them a pass on the off-the-track opponents)

• Opponents who are Out of Play behind the Pack, if a Jammer reenters the track from the Penalty Box in front of that Blocker

Jammers Unable to Score Points

If a Jammer renders themself unable to score points–for example, by committing a penalty or by removing the Star–any Not On the Track Points they would have earned while unable to score are earned once they become able to score again. If an opponent’s action renders the Jammer unable to score–for example, a Jammer who is blocked out of bounds–the Jammer continues to score Not-On-the-Track points as usual.

3.4. Jammeur·ses pénalisé·es

When a Jammer is penalized, they are considered to no longer be on the track (even if they are physically still on the track). Accordingly, a penalized Jammer cannot earn passes on any further opponents until that Jammer completes their penalty. Upon release from the Penalty Box, a Jammer returns to the same trip through the Pack, having scored on (and/or being in position to score on) the same Blockers.

3.5. Erreurs de score et suivi du score

The Official Score is that which is reported and visible to teams, Officials, and spectators.

Errors with Points Awarded Incorrectly

If a point is awarded (or denied) in error, or if a Jammer Referee has reported a score incorrectly, the score may be corrected no later than the end of the Jam after the one in which the error occurred. If there are fewer than 2 minutes in the game remaining on the period clock, score corrections must be made before the start (rather than the end) of the Jam after the one in which the error occurred.

Voir Points attribués par erreur et Points refusés par erreur

Errors with Points Awarded Correctly

Points awarded (or denied) correctly, given the information available at the time, may not be taken away (or awarded) later. For example, a Jammer who exits the Engagement Zone and is awarded four points has earned those points, even if upon review they were found to have committed a penalty two trips prior (and thus would not have been able to earn those points).

4. Pénalités

When a Skater commits a rule infraction or a foul, a penalty may be assessed as a punishment, handicap, or loss of advantage. Penalties are applied to both a Skater and the Role that Skater is currently playing.

Les Officiel·les signalent et font appliquer les pénalités et les avertissements à mesure qu’ils surviennent pendant le match. Les pénalités ne doivent pas être données pour des actions qui ont peu ou pas d’impact sur le match ou sur les Patineur·ses.

Les types de pénalités suivants sont abordés en détail dans les sections énumérées ci-dessous et dans le Livret de mises en situations (Casebook) des règles du Roller Derby sur piste plate. Ces sections mentionnent des exemples spécifiques qui doivent être explicitement suivis.

Les actions illégales qui ne figurent pas clairement dans l’une des catégories ci-dessous doivent être pénalisées à l’aide de ces descriptions et exemples comme lignes directrices.

Opponent’s Illegal Action

Si une action illégale d’un·e Patineur·se pousse un·e adversaire à commettre inévitablement une action illégale, l’adversaire ne recevra pas de pénalité pour cette action illégale inévitable. Le·la Patineur·se à l’origine de l’action initiale devra être pénalisé·e si l’action illégale initiale a un impact suffisant sur le jeu.

4.1. Pénalités de contact

Gagner une position supérieure sur un·e adversaire ou faire perdre une position supérieure à un·e adversaire sur un·e autre coéquipier·ère grâce à un contact illégal est toujours considéré comme ayant un impact suffisant sur le jeu.

Star Passes may only be blocked by legal means. Skaters who prevent a Star Pass using illegal contact should be penalized.

4.1.1. Impact sur une zone cible illégale

Making contact to an Illegal Target Zone should be penalized based on the impact it has on the target (see Section 2.4.1).

Illegal Target Zones

Illegal Target Zones include:

• Back of the body, including the back of the buttocks and the back of the thighs

• Head, down to the collarbone

• Legs, from below mid-thigh to the wheels of the skate

Fig. 4.1 Zones cibles légales

Illegal Target Zones Penalized Regardless of Impact

For safety reasons, avoidable forceful contact to the back, or any forceful contact to the head or neck should be penalized regardless of impact.

Initiation with an Illegal Target Zone

A Skater suddenly presenting an Illegal Target Zone to an opponent, giving that opponent no reasonable opportunity to avoid illegal contact, is considered to be initiating with that target zone.

4.1.2. Impact avec une zone de blocage illégale

Making contact with an Illegal Blocking Zone should be penalized based on the impact it has on the target (see Section 2.4.2).

Illegal Blocking Zones

Illegal Blocking Zones include:

• Head, down to the collarbone

• Forearm, from the point of the elbow to the fingertips

• Legs, from below mid-thigh to the wheels of the skate

Forearms are considered a Legal Blocking Zone when they are held close against the initiator’s torso.

Fig. 4.2 Zones de blocage légales

Illegal Blocking Zone Impact Examples

Examples of sufficient impact to warrant a penalty from using an Illegal Blocking Zone include, but are not limited to:

• The contact puts an opponent significantly off balance;

• The contact significantly alters an opponent’s trajectory or speed (for example, significantly holding them back);

• The contact with an opponent allows the Skater to maintain an In Bounds position (that otherwise would not have been maintained); or

• The contact with an opponent allows the Skater to maintain an Upright position (that otherwise would not have been maintained).

Illegal Blocking Zones Penalized Regardless of Impact

The following types of contact / blocks should be penalized regardless of the impact on the target.

• Forceful contact initiated with the head or neck

• Intentional use of the head or neck to positionally block

4.1.3. Other Illegal Contact

Initiating a block is legal when a Skater is moving counterclockwise, in play, upright, and in bounds during a Jam using Legal Contact Zones.

Accordingly, Skaters cannot initiate a block while Down, Out of Bounds, Out of Play, airborne, stopped, or skating clockwise. Skaters also cannot initiate a block on opponents who are Down, fully Out of Bounds, or Out of Play. Skaters may initiate a block on an opponent who is straddling the track boundary, stopped, or skating clockwise.

Actively maintaining a stopped position which impedes an opponent should be penalized regardless of the initiator of the contact.

Initiation of assists should be held to the same metrics as that of blocking, with the exception of assisting a downed teammate to return to an Upright position.

4.1.4. Multiplayer Blocks

Skaters may not form a wall by linking with or grasping a teammate, or otherwise forming an impenetrable connection. This action warrants a penalty if an opponent attempts to get between them and fails to do so due to the illegal formation.

4.1.5. Unsporting Contact

Some contact is considered unsporting, either because it falls outside the boundaries of expected normal gameplay or is inherently unsafe. Examples of such actions include:

• Pinning an opponent, such as between an appendage and the body, or by hooking a limb around an opponent’s limb

• Engaging in dangerous and illegal actions that pose a substantial hazard to oneself or another

• Intentional and forceful jabbing with elbows or knees

Legal means of blocking do not include pinning or holding an opponent, even if the contact is made using legal Blocking Zones. Skaters who restrict opponents in this way should be penalized based on how the contact impacts a receiver’s safety.

4.2. Pénalités concernant la structure du match

Lorsque les règles de base du match sont enfreintes de façon à donner un avantage à une équipe, la personne ou l’équipe qui enfreint la règle doit être pénalisée.

Une équipe obtient un avantage si une action illégale a pour effet :

• An opponent becoming (or remaining) unable to block

• A gain of position or a teammate’s gain of position

• The game flow being altered

4.2.1. Illegal Positioning

Failure to Maintain a Pack

If a Skater’s illegal action destroys the Pack, or if a Skater’s actions prevent or delay the reformation of a Pack, that Skater should be penalized.

Skaters in an Unblockable Position

It is illegal to adopt or maintain a position in which one cannot be blocked. Skaters may not intentionally leave the track, nor may Blockers intentionally leave the Engagement Zone. While there are many legal actions that would cause a Skater to be put into an illegal position (for example, Out of Bounds or Out of Play), intentionally adopting such a position is illegal. It is legal for Jammers and Pivots to either leave the track or adopt a Down position to retrieve an Out of Bounds helmet cover. A Skater who is illegally positioned must immediately act to regain a legal position.

Skaters With Reason to Believe they are Legally Positioned

Si un·e Patineur·se a des raisons de croire qu’il·elle est positionné·e légalement (même s’il·elle ne l’est pas), ou a des raisons de croire qu’il·elle ne peut pas se repositionner légalement, il·elle doit être averti·e avant de recevoir une pénalité pour ne pas être revenu·e en position légale.

Skaters Illegally Positioned at Jam Start

If a Skater is not legally positioned at the start of a Jam, the Skater must immediately Yield position to all Skaters in the vicinity. Failing to do so after a warning is considered to be intentionally maintaining an illegal position and should be penalized.

4.2.2. Gain de position

It is illegal for a Skater to use the Out of Bounds area to gain position on someone who is Upright and In Bounds. This action is referred to as « cutting the track. » Skaters who are Out of Bounds must return in bounds behind any Upright and In Bounds Skater who they were behind when they left the track. The position of Downed Skaters is not assessed until they are Upright.

If there is a Pack, Skaters who are Out of Bounds may return In Bounds in front of any Out of Play Skaters. If there is no Pack, Skaters who are Out of Bounds may return In Bounds in front of any Skaters more than 20 ft (6.10 m) from the last defined Pack.

Cutting one single teammate does not have enough impact to warrant a penalty.

Skaters Returning to the Track

Skaters who intentionally, but legally, leave the track (examples include to report to the Penalty Box or to fix equipment) must return to the track behind all in-play Blockers. If there is no Pack, they must return to the track behind all Blockers within 20 ft (6.10 m) of the last defined Pack. Skaters returning to the track from the Penalty Box must do so without illegally gaining position.

Skaters Out of Bounds Due to a Block

If a Skater is put Out of Bounds due to an opponent’s block, the Skater must return In Bounds behind that opponent, even if the Skater was in front of the opponent before being blocked. That opponent gives up this advantage if they go Down, Out of Bounds, or Out of Play (or more than 20 ft [6.10 m] from the last defined Pack if there is no Pack) prior to the Skater reentering the track. Skaters other than the initiator of the block are able to reestablish their superior position if they are Upright, In Bounds, and In Play before the Skater returns to the track.

Ceding Illegal Position

Skaters who illegally reenter the track may immediately Cede by returning fully Out of Bounds.

4.2.3. Interfering with the Flow of the Game

All efforts should be made by teams and Officials to ensure that the period clock runs according to the rules of the game, and that Jams start and end as specified in the rules. Any inappropriate action that interferes with the game—including causing the period clock to stop, preventing a Jam from starting, or ending a Jam prematurely—should be penalized.

Examples of inappropriate actions include, but are not limited to:

• Penalized Skaters not in the Penalty Box at the Jam start

• Skaters queued for the Penalty Box not on the track at the Jam start

• No Blockers from one team on the track at the Jam start

• All Blockers from one team entirely out of position at the Jam start

• Either team not fielding a Jammer for the Jam

• A team fielding too many Skaters during a Jam which results in an advantage that cannot be removed by the removal of the extra Skater(s)

• A team successfully requesting a Team Timeout when they have none remaining

• A team member who is neither the Captain nor the Alternate successfully requesting a Team Timeout or Official Review

Officials and Skaters should work together to ensure that the game flows according to the rules.

4.2.4. Autres procédures illégales

Skaters who violate the rules of the game should be penalized if the violation has a significant impact on the game. Examples of this are listed in the Rules of Flat Track Roller Derby Casebook; however, Skaters and Officials should work to ensure that the rules are followed as swiftly as possible, and to rectify any illegal or potentially illegal play before it has sufficient impact on the game to warrant penalization. Nevertheless, if a technical violation by one team results in an advantage, this should be penalized.

4.3. Penalties for Unsporting Conduct (Misconduct)

All participants in a game of roller derby must be respectful of one another. This includes but is not limited to Skaters, Team Staff, Officials, mascots, event staff, and spectators. When Skaters or Team Staff behave in an unsporting manner, their misconduct should be penalized accordingly.

Misconduct can take many forms and does not have to be intentional to be considered unsporting. Examples include, but are not limited to:

• Deceiving or ignoring Officials

• Disrespectful contact or conduct directed at another participant

• Forceful contact to an Official, where that contact is negligent or avoidable

• Being abusive toward another person

• Failure to abide by Governing Body policies during the game pertaining to Skaters, Team Staff, and the immediate play area

Actions which seriously undermine the legitimacy of the sport or display a lack of respect for the sport, its execution, and those who contribute to it may also be penalized.

4.4. Mise en application des pénalités

Upon completion of the correct verbal cue and hand signal from an Official, the penalized Skater must immediately leave the track. Upon sitting in any seat in the Penalty Box, the Skater’s penalty time begins. Skaters serve 30 seconds of Jam time for each penalty assessed to them. The final 10 seconds of their penalty time must be served while standing.

• Si un·e Patineur·se se lève trop tôt, son chronomètre est stoppé jusqu’à ce qu’il·elle soit à nouveau assis.e.

• Si un·e Patineur·se ne se tient pas debout d’une façon claire pour que les Officiel·les, Patineur·ses et spectateur·rices comprennent qu’il·elle est en train de purger ses 10 dernières secondes, son chronomètre est stoppé jusqu’à ce qu’il·elle se tienne debout.

Penalties are only timed while a Jam is in progress. Penalty timing is paused between Jams, and timing for Skaters who sit between Jams does not begin until the start of the following Jam.

Personne ne peut entrer dans la Penalty Box à l’exception des Officiel·les et des Patineur·ses qui purgent des pénalités.

4.4.1. Mise en application des pénalités pour les Bloqueur·ses

No more than two Blockers for the same team may sit in the Penalty Box at the same time. If a third Blocker reports to the Penalty Box while two Blockers for their team are seated, the third Blocker will be placed In Queue and instructed to return to play. If a Blocker is standing in the Penalty Box, another Blocker may sit in the open seat.

A Blocker In Queue may return to the Penalty Box when there is space in the Penalty Box, unless doing so would destroy the Pack. A Blocker must immediately return if instructed to do so by an Official. Once a Blocker In Queue returns to the track, they should be treated like any other unpenalized Blocker.

4.4.2. Mise en application des pénalités pour les Jammeur·ses

Un·e Jammeur·se voit son temps de pénalité réduit si un·e autre Jammeur·se reçoit également une pénalité. Dans ce cas, les deux Jammeur·ses purgent aussi peu de temps possible, à condition que :

1. The two Jammers serve an equivalent amount of penalty time, per penalty

2. Whenever possible given point 1, there is at least one Jammer who is not serving a penalty

Le·la Jammeur·se, qui doit être libéré·e parce que l’autre Jammeur·se s’assied, doit être libéré·e immédiatement après que le·la Jammeur·se est assis.e. Si les deux Jammeur·ses s’assoient en même temps, ils·elles sont tou·tes les deux relâché·es immédiatement.

Jammers Seated Between Jams

If one Jammer sits between Jams, the other Jammer should be released at the start of the next Jam. If both Jammers sit between Jams, they should both be released at the start of the next Jam.

Jammers Sent to the Box with No Opposing Jammer

Si un·e Jammeur·se est envoyé·e en Box lorsqu’il n’y a pas de Jammeur·se adverse (par exemple, parce que le·la Jammeur·se adverse fait face à une défaillance de son équipement), le Jam se termine dès que le·la Jammeur·se est assis·e. Ceci garantit qu’il y a un·e Jammeur·se qui ne purge pas de pénalité.

4.4.3. Skaters Unable to Serve Penalties

If a Skater is assessed a penalty but unable to serve it—for example, due to an injury or an equipment malfunction—a substitute may serve in their place once the Jam ends. In this case, the Skater who was unable to serve their own penalty may not skate for the following three Jams. (see Section 1.2)

4.4.4. Protective Gear in the Penalty Box

Skaters may remove their mouthguard, but no other protective gear, while seated in the Penalty Box. Skaters must replace their mouthguard prior to leaving the Penalty Box.

4.5. Exclusions et expulsions

Foul Outs

When seven penalties are recorded for a Skater, that Skater fouls out of the game. This includes penalties assessed to a Skater on behalf of someone else (examples include penalties assessed to a Captain or a Blocker on behalf of their team).

Expulsions

Expulsions are a way to penalize a Skater or Team Staff who has committed an act that is sufficiently dangerous or unsporting as to remove the individual from the game for that action alone. Negligent, intentional, or reckless actions should be considered for expulsion independently of their impact. A substitute must serve the penalty for an expelled Skater. If a Non-Skater is expelled, the team’s Captain will serve the penalty when possible (as a Blocker), but no penalty will be recorded for the Captain.

The Head Referee is the only Official with the authority to expel a Skater, manager, coach or similar Team Staff. Other Officials may recommend expulsions to the Head Referee.

Timing Skaters Removed From Play

In the event that a Skater is to be removed from play (either due to fouling out or expulsion), that Skater’s penalty time should begin as soon as possible. Timing for a fouled-out Skater begins either when the Skater (or an appropriate substitute between Jams) is seated in the Penalty Box, or after the foul out is confirmed between Officials during the Jam. If a Skater is removed from the game mid-Jam, their penalty will be timed as if a Skater were seated even though there is no Skater formally in the Box.

In the event a Skater is to be removed from play mid-Jam and would be In Queue upon reporting to the Penalty Box, that Skater should not be instructed to return to play. Instead they should be instructed to remain standing beside the Penalty Box until a seat opens and their penalty time can begin.

Substitutions for Skaters Removed from Play

If the Jam ends before the time is complete, the Skater’s team must be given the opportunity to substitute a different Skater to serve the remainder of the penalty in the same Role as the removed Skater. Substitutions may not occur during the Jam in which the Skater is removed.

5. Arbitrage

5.1. Effectif d’arbitrage

Chaque match doit être doté de suffisamment d’Officiel·les sur patins (Ref) pour pouvoir suivre efficacement en temps réel les informations suivantes :

• The location of the Pack and Engagement Zone

• Which Blockers are Out of Play

• Who the Jammers are

• Which Jammer (if any) is Lead Jammer

• How many points each Jammer has scored

One Referee is designated the Head Referee. In addition to their authority on matters such as communications with Teams and expulsions, it is also the Head Referee’s responsibility to oversee the safety of all participants during a game. In instances where a Skater has repeatedly proven to be a significant safety concern to themselves or others on the track, the Head Referee may use their discretion to remove that Skater from play without the necessity of an expulsion.

5.1.1. Identification

Les Refs sont en charge de l’appréciation et la mise en application des pénalités, ils·elles doivent être en patins et doivent porter un uniforme qui les identifie clairement comme étant des Refs. Les Refs doivent se différencier les un·es des autres ; par exemple en portant un nom ou un numéro sur leur uniforme.

5.1.2. Besoins

Each game must also staff enough Officials to effectively track the state of the game such that the rules can be enforced in real time. The number, role, and positioning of Officials may vary based on available technology and the limitations of the venue, but the following information must be available upon request:

• The Official Score

• The Official Jam Time

• The Official Period Time

• Which Skaters have been assessed how many penalties, and which have been served

• Which Skaters are not allowed to skate (for example, due to expulsion, fouling out, or having a Jam called for their injury)

• How long a given Skater has been seated for each penalty

Plusieurs missions peuvent être confiées à un·e seul Officiel·le tant que cela ne met pas en péril la justesse des informations susmentionnées.

5.2. Missions

Tou·tes les Officiel·les sont garant·es du bon déroulement du match et de la sécurité en veillant au bon respect des règles du jeu. Ceci comprend mais ne se limite pas à :

• Ensuring that each team has an acceptable number of Skaters on the track

• Ensuring that each team has an acceptable number of Skaters in certain positions on the track

• Ensuring that the game is played legally

• Timing Jams, Periods, penalties, and the time between Jams (including timeouts and reviews)

• Signaling the starts and ends of Jams

• Signaling who is the Lead Jammer

• Signaling how many points each Jammer earns on each trip through the Pack

• Informing Skaters and Team Staff of the state of the game when asked (to the best of their ability given the constraints of their responsibilities)

• Calling Official Timeouts when additional time is needed; this may include a need to ensure that:

  • Game information has been correctly recorded

  • Gameplay is safe

  • Injured Skaters have been taken care of

  • The teams are informed regarding anything out of order

Officials may call off Jams at their discretion. Reasons may include but are not limited to injury, technical difficulty, interference in a Jam by spectators or other Skaters, unsafe play, or illegal play that cannot be rectified via penalty assessment.

5.3. Communication entre les Patineur·ses et les Officiel·les

All communication between Skaters, Team Staff, and Officials must be respectful. The Head Referee may, at their discretion, limit the extent to which Skaters may communicate with Officials.

Communication of In Play Status

Officials should provide any information necessary for a Skater to know whether they are In Play, including the location of the Pack. Skaters who reasonably believe that they are In Play should not be penalized for technical infractions that pertain to being Out of Play, unless such a warning has been given (examples include failure to return to play, to reform a Pack, or to Yield after committing a false start).

Erroneous Official Communication

If an Official provides erroneous information to a Skater, the Skater will not be penalized for actions taken based on that information. For example, if a Penalty Box Official releases a Skater early, the Skater will not be penalized for leaving once released. Likewise, if a Jammer calls off a Jam while their Jammer Referee is indicating that they are the Lead Jammer, said Jammer will not be penalized for calling off the Jam illegally, even if they are not in fact Lead. An absence of information provided (for example, an Official not providing a warning) is not considered erroneous.

5.4. Attribuer des pénalités

All Referees may assess penalties to Skaters for illegal actions that have impact on the game. Non-Skating Officials may assess penalties that are relevant to their role as an official in the game, unless prohibited from doing so by the Head Referee. Officials will use their judgment under the guidelines set forth in the Rules of Flat Track Roller Derby Casebook.

Penalties must be assessed as soon as possible and at a volume sufficient to be heard by the penalized Skater and relevant Officials given the constraints of the venue. Until this has occurred, nobody is required to behave as if the Skater has been penalized.

Certainty Required to Assess Penalties

Aucune pénalité ne doit être attribuée si l’Officiel·le n’est pas certain·e que la pénalité est justifiée. Si les Officiel·les n’arrivent pas à se mettre d’accord pour savoir si une action nécessite d’être pénalisée, la décision du·de la Head Referee prévaut.

Assessing Penalties to the Only Blocker from a Team on the Track

Si le·la dernier·ère Bloqueur·se d’une équipe à être sur la piste commet une pénalité, le·la Bloqueur·se ne doit pas être envoyé·e hors de la piste tant qu’un·e autre Bloqueur·se de cette équipe n’a pas rejoint le Pack.

Penalties with Uncertain Recipients

If a penalty is warranted, but it is not clear to whom the penalty should be assessed, an Official should assess the penalty to the nearest Blocker from the appropriate team if the action is committed mid-Jam, or to the team’s Captain if the action is committed between Jams. If an Official is not certain which team is responsible, no penalty should be assessed.

Penalties Assessed to Off Skates Staff

If off-skates Team Staff commit a penalty, the penalty should be assessed to the appropriate team’s Captain.

Penalties Assessed to Team Captains

If a penalty is assessed to a Captain due to the fact that they are the Captain, they will serve the penalty in the next jam in which they are able to serve as a Blocker.

Appendices

Appendix A: Track Design and Specifications (PDF download)

Glossaire

Certains mots ou concepts utilisés dans ces règles ont une signification technique ou spécifique, ils sont définis dans la section ci-dessous. Les mots utilisés dans les règles qui ne sont pas définis ici doivent être compris au sens usuel. Si plus d’une interprétation raisonnable d’un terme usuel existe et a un impact mesurable sur le match, l’interprétation sera déterminée par le consensus des Officiel·les pour ce match.

Actively Absorbing

Any movement toward oncoming contact intended only to protect the recipient of the contact.

En avant

One thing (for example, a Skater, a line, the Pack) is « ahead » of another thing, in relation to the track, if it is nearer in the counterclockwise direction than the clockwise direction. (see also Behind).

Alternate

The Captain may designate an additional person to act on their team’s behalf via a visible « A » on their uniform or body; this person is the Alternate. The Alternate may be a teammate, coach or manager. A team may only have one Alternate. If one has not been selected, or has left the game, the Captain may designate a different Alternate by informing the Head Referee.

Saut d’Apex

An attempt to legally shorten the distance traveled around the curve of the track by leaping over the track boundary and landing back In Bounds.

Assistance

Avoir une aide physique sur un·e coéquipier·ère. Par exemple : une poussée ou un Whip.

En arrière

One thing (for example, a Skater, a line, the Pack) is « behind » another thing, in relation to the track, if it is nearer in the clockwise direction than the counterclockwise direction (see also Ahead).

Bloqueur·se

The Skaters who form the Pack. Up to four Blockers from each team may skate, per Jam. One Blocker per Jam, for each team, may be a Pivot.

Zones de blocage

Zones du corps qui peuvent être utilisées pour entrer en contact avec un·e adversaire lors d’un blocage.

Capitaine

Le·a Patineur·se identifié·e, via un « C » visible sur son corps ou vêtement, qui peut parler au nom de l’équipe. Si un·e Capitaine n’a pas été sélectionné·e ou a quitté le match, l’équipe peut en choisir un·e autre en informant le·la Head Referee et doit en désigner un·e si cela est nécessaire (par exemple, dans le cas où une pénalité est attribuée à un·e Capitaine, l’équipe doit alors désigner un·e Capitaine).

Ceding

A Skater who enters the track from Out of Bounds in a way that results in an illegal gain of position may Cede that gain without penalty. In order to Cede, the Skater must immediately return fully Out of Bounds before re-entering the track. Straddling the track boundary is not sufficient to constitute Ceding.

Contre-blocage

Any motion/movement toward an oncoming block by the receiving opponent designed to counteract an opponent’s block. Counter-blocking is treated as blocking and held to the same standards and rules (except where specified). Continued engagement which goes beyond countering the initial effect of the opponent’s block should be considered a separate block, and judged separately.

A terre

A Skater is down when part of the Skater’s body or equipment (aside from skates) is touching the floor. A Skater whose only contact with the floor (aside from skates) is one hand is not considered down. Once down, a Skater is considered down until the Skater is standing, stepping, or skating.

Zone d’Engagement

The zone in which Blockers are In Play and may legally engage and be engaged. The Engagement Zone extends from 20 ft (6.10 m) behind the rearmost Pack Skater to 20 ft (6.10 m) in front of the foremost Pack Skater, between the inside and outside track boundaries.

Engager

Any sort of interaction with another Skater on the track during a Jam (see also Assist and Blocking Section 2.4).

Position établie

Where a Skater is physically; an area of the track where the Skater has secured their place. Examples include up, In Bounds, Down, Out of Bounds, In Play, and Out of Play.

Exiting the Track

(Penalty Enforcement) Exiting the track to the outside in order to report to the Penalty Box.

Expulsion

Retrait par le·la Head Referee d’un·e Patineur·se ou d’un·e membre de l’équipe pour le restant du match suite à une action illégale sérieuse, telle que la violence physique ou pour toute action que les Officiel·les jugent comme une menace physique considérable envers les autres.

Tomber en position fœtale (Fall Small)

On dit qu’un·e Patineur·se est tombé·e en « Fall Small » s’il·elle tombe avec les bras et les jambes en contrôle, repliés vers le corps, sans gesticulation ou affalement.

Forceful Contact

Abrupt contact (such as hitting or striking) with a significant amount of strength and energy or any contact that either has the potential to harm the recipient or significantly alter their position, balance, speed, trajectory, etc. (regardless of whether that potential is actualized).

Exclusion (Foul Out)

Le retrait, par un·e Officiel·le, d’un·e Patineur·se pour le restant du match suite à l’enregistrement de sept pénalités pour ce·tte Patineur·se.

Governing Body

The organization responsible for the sanctioning of the game; or in an unsanctioned game, the organization responsible for determining the terms of the game, such as a tournament, local league, or other person(s) serving in that role.

Agripper

Agripper quelque chose ou quelqu’un·e ; par exemple, empoigner l’uniforme ou le couvre-casque d’un·e coéquipier·ère ou se tenir les mains. Le bras du·de la Patineur·se qui agrippe, de la main à l’épaule (non incluse), est considéré comme faisant partie de l’agrippement. Le·la coéquipier·ère n’est pas considéré·e comme faisant partie de l’agrippement, à moins que le·la coéquipier·ère ne l’agrippe lui aussi.

Arbitre en chef (Head Referee)

One Referee will be designated the Head Referee. The Head Referee is the ultimate authority of the game.

Hanches

La proéminence saillante latérale du pelvis ou de la région pelvienne depuis la taille jusqu’à la cuisse. Le point central de cette zone détermine un dépassement, quelle que soit la direction dans laquelle le·la Patineur·se est orienté·e.

Procédure illégale

Toute infraction technique (sans contact) qui enfreint les règles.

Immédiatement

The first safe and legal opportunity in which someone may complete an action.

Impeding

Actions that restrict an opponent’s speed and/or trajectory in any direction on the track.

Impénétrable

Un mur est considéré comme étant impénétrable depuis une certaine direction quand, afin de valider un dépassement sur un·e ou plusieurs Patineur·ses qui forment le mur, un·e adversaire devrait casser physiquement des os ou des articulations. Les parties qui devraient être physiquement brisées pour passer sont considérées comme les parties impénétrables. Par exemple, si deux coéquipier·ères patinent vers l’avant avec leurs bras autour du dos l’un·e de l’autre, les bras constituent un mur impénétrable, de telle sorte qu’un·e adversaire ne pourrait pas passer entre les deux sans casser un des bras des Bloqueur·ses.

Dans les limites (de la piste)

A Skater is In Bounds if the only points at which they are touching the floor are on or in between the track boundary lines. A Skater who touches the floor beyond the track boundary with only one arm or hand is still considered in bounds (see also Out of Bounds, Straddling).

En jeu

A Blocker is In Play when they are In Bounds and Upright within the Engagement Zone. Jammers who are In Bounds and Upright are always In Play.

En position

A Skater is In Position when they are on the track, In Bounds, and in the designated area for their Role when the Jam-Starting Whistle is blown.

Dans la queue

Participer au jeu de manière active en ayant une pénalité en attente, en général après avoir été renvoyé·e sur la piste parce que la prison est pleine, ou avoir reçu une pénalité alors qu’on est le·la seul·e Bloqueur·se sur la piste.

Initiateur·trice

The Skater who is responsible for contact happening to an opponent (initiating a block) or teammate (initiating an assist). A Skater can also initiate their own assist by taking a whip off of a teammate’s body, or initiate a Counter-Block in response to an opponent’s block. The initiator of a block or assist is always responsible for the legality of the contact.

After a counter-block, continued engagement by the counter-blocking skater should be considered a new action, with the skater responsible for the continued contact considered the initiator. The legality of this action should be judged separately from the initial block and counter-block.

Insubordination

Un non-respect délibéré ou par négligence des ordres d’un·e Officiel·le. Un comportement injustifié ou déplacé motivé par un mépris intentionnel envers les règles.

Jam

L’unité de base de jeu pour le match. Un Jam peut durer jusqu’à deux minutes.

Jammeur·se

Celui·celle qui marque les points pour une équipe.

Lap/Lapping

One Skater has lapped an opponent if the Skater has passed the opponent twice in a row without the opponent having passed the lapping Skater in between. If a Jammer passes an opponent for the second time, but the second pass was not « earned, » the Jammer is still said to have lapped that opponent, and may earn a « re-pass » on said opponent to score the missed point.

Lead Jammeur

The Lead Jammer is the first Jammer to establish superior position to the foremost In Play Blocker, having already earned a pass on all Blockers excluding those ahead of the Engagement Zone.

Lineup Time

The time where the period clock continues to run between the end of one Jam, and either until the start of the next Jam (when a maximum of 30 seconds have elapsed) or a timeout is called, whichever occurs first. There may only be one lineup time between two consecutive Jams, and the lineup time cannot be restarted if stopped for a timeout.

Former un lien

Entremêler les bras des deux Patineur·ses en pliant les coudes. Les bras des deux Patineur·ses, jusqu’à l’épaule (mais n’incluant pas celle-ci), sont considérés comme faisant partie du « lien ».

Aucun impact

Une violation des règles du jeu, qui a un impact limité sur la sécurité ou le déroulement du jeu, et qui ne justifie pas une pénalité.

Pas de Pack (No Pack)

When there is not a group of Blockers (from both teams) skating within 10 ft (3.05 m) of each other, or when there are two or more equally numbered groups of Blockers not skating within 10 ft (3.05 m) of each other.

Not-On-the-Track (NOTT) Point

A point given for an opponent who is not on the track (such as Skaters in the Penalty Box) that the Jammer earns immediately upon earning a pass on any opposing Blocker, per trip through the Pack. (see Section 2.5)

Hors des limites (de la piste)

A Skater is Out of Bounds when part of the Skater’s body or equipment is touching the floor beyond the track boundary. One arm or hand touching the floor beyond the track boundary does not render a Skater out of bounds (see also In Bounds, Straddling, Ceding).

Out of Bounds (Fully)

A Skater is fully Out of Bounds when they meet the criteria for being Out of Bounds, and no parts of the Skater’s body or equipment are touching the floor on or between the track boundary lines (see also Out of Bounds, Straddling, Ceding).

Hors-jeu

A Blocker who is In Bounds, but positioned outside of the Engagement Zone. If no Pack is defined, all Blockers are Out of Play. When a Jammer is Out of Bounds, they are Out of Play.

Pack

The largest group of in-bounds Blockers, skating or standing in proximity (within 10 ft [3.05 m]), containing members from both teams. The Jammers are independent of this definition.

Patineur·se du Pack

Tout·e Bloqueur·se qui fait partie d’un Pack légalement défini.

Dépassement

Dépassement gagné

Voir Section 2.5

Star Pass (Passage de l’Étoile)

Un transfert (passage) de l’Étoile

L’acte de transférer le statut de Jammeur·se, qui se fait quand le·la Jammeur·se donne son couvre-casque (l’Étoile) au Pivot

Pénalité

Une violation des règles du jeu requérant que le·la Patineur·se purge du temps en Penalty Box, ou la sanction spécifique de purger du temps dans la Penalty Box pour avoir commis une telle infraction.

Pivot

A Blocker with additional abilities (see Section 2.2.3).

Points attribués par erreur

Points qui n’ont pas été légalement marqués par un·e Jammeur·se et qui ont été attribué·es à l’équipe incorrectement et/ou de façon erronée par un·e Officiel·le ou suite à un dysfonctionnement technique.

Points refusés par erreur

Similar to Points Awarded in Error, Points Denied in Error are points that have been legally earned by a Jammer but have not been added to the Official Score due to delay, an error by an Official, or as the result of a technology malfunction.

Blocage positionnel

Blocage sans contact ; se positionner pour gêner le mouvement d’un·e adversaire sur la piste. Le blocage positionnel n’a pas besoin d’être intentionnel.

Équipement de protection

Skaters must wear helmet, mouthguard, wrist guards, elbow pads, and knee pads so long as they provide additional protection and the Skater is physically able to wear them. Skaters shall not be penalized if the equipment does not provide additional protection for the Skater.

Re-dépassement

L’acte de dépasser un·e adversaire qui a déjà été dépassé·e pendant le tour actuel. Action plus pertinente pour un·e Jammeur·se qui finit en avant de l’adversaire sans avoir validé le dépassement. Un·e Jammeur·se dans cette situation ne marquerait pas le point sur cet·te adversaire, mais pourrait le·la re-dépasser, validant ainsi son second dépassement, afin de marquer ce point.

Position Relative

A Skater’s location, when In Bounds and Upright, in relation to other Skaters involved in the action. Relative position is said to be « gained » or « lost » if this location changes in a way that gives or loses some advantage (for example, one Skater passing another, or being knocked Down, Out of Bounds, or Out of Play). Relative position is only measured in the counterclockwise direction.

Role

Each Skater has one of three Roles: Jammer, Pivot, or Blocker. The Role of Jammer may be transferred to the Pivot once per jam by a Star Pass. The Role of Pivot may not be transferred during a Jam.

Roster

La liste des Patineur·ses d’une équipe et leur numéro d’identification, qui sont éligibles pour jouer le match.

Assis·e

Un·e Patineur·se dont le fessier est complètement en contact avec le siège d’une chaise ou du banc.

Skating - Direction of Travel

A Skater’s direction of travel (for example, counterclockwise, lateral, or clockwise) is measured by the skates moving relative to a line perpendicular to the inside track boundary. If the skates are moving in opposite directions, direction of travel is determined by the hips.

Debout

A Skater holding their body weight on their skates, such that they are not Down and it is obvious to Officials, Skaters, and spectators that they are not Sitting.

À l’arrêt/arrêté·e

Un·e Patineur·se ne faisant aucun mouvement directionnel avec ses patins

Chevaucher

A Skater is straddling when they are simultaneously touching the floor on or between the track boundary lines and beyond the track boundary. Touching the floor beyond the track boundary with only one arm or hand does not render a Skater straddling. Straddling Skaters are considered Out of Bounds, except where otherwise noted (see also In Bounds).

Substitution

Remplacer un·e Patineur·se sur la piste ou en Penalty Box par un·e coéquipier·ère.

L’Étoile

Le couvre-casque du·de la Jammeur·se, sur lequel figurent deux étoiles, une de chaque côté.

La Bande

Le couvre-casque du·de la Pivot, qui possède une longue bande en plein milieu.

Zones cibles

Zones du corps d’un·e adversaire vers lesquelles un·e Patineur·se entre en contact lorsqu’il·elle bloque.

Passage à travers le Pack

Jammers make trips through the Pack. Each trip represents an opportunity to score points on opponents. (See Section 3).

Debout

Any Skater who is not considered Down.

Avertissement

Une indication verbale formalisée de l’Officiel·le signalant que le jeu est ou est sur le point de devenir irrégulier, donnée pour qu’un·e Patineur·se puisse entreprendre une action corrective.

Yielding

A Skater who is required to Yield must allow any Skaters in their vicinity to assume a superior Relative Position. A Skater who allows a reasonable time for this to occur has Yielded, whether or not any Skaters took advantage of the opportunity.

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Livret de mises en situations

1. Paramètres de sécurité et du jeu

Aucun scénario pour Section 1.

2. Le jeu

2.1. Le Track  (la piste)

Aucun scénario pour Section 2.1

2.2. Skater Roles

For each Jam, a team must field one Jammer and at most four Blockers. One of these Blockers may be designated as the Pivot. Any Skaters who are not completely on the track at the Jam-Starting Whistle may not participate in the Jam, and do not count toward these limits.

—Origine Section 2.2

Scenario C2.2.A

Scenario moved and renumbered to Scenario C2.2.6.A

Scenario C2.2.B

Scenario moved and renumbered to Scenario C2.2.6.B

Scenario C2.2.C

Scenario moved and renumbered to Scenario C2.2.6.C

Scenario C2.2.D

Scenario moved and renumbered to Scenario C2.2.6.D

Scenario C2.2.E

Scenario moved and renumbered to Scenario C2.2.6.E

Scenario C2.2.F

White Pivot is seated in the Penalty Box. Between Jams, three White Blockers—one of whom is wearing a Stripe—line up on the track.

Conséquence : Si le Jam commence avec deux Patineur·ses Blanc·hes qui portent le couvre-casque de Pivot, les Officiel·les doivent demander au·à la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he qui est sur la piste d’enlever son couvre-casque.

Raisonnement : Le·la Patineur·se qui est assis·e dans la Penalty Box est considéré·e comme étant le·la Pivot Blanc·he pour le Jam en question. Étant donné que l’équipe Blanche a envoyé le bon nombre de Bloqueur·ses sur la piste, il n’y a aucune raison de renvoyer le·la Pivot Blanc·he sur son banc.

Remarque : Si le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he refuse d’enlever son couvre-casque, il·elle sera alors pénalisé·e. Le refus d’obéir à une instruction concernant un paramètre de jeu non respecté est considéré comme une insubordination.

Remarque : Si le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he s’octroie des privilèges qui sont réservés au·à la Pivot avant qu’il·elle n’ait enlevé son couvre-casque, même si aucun avertissement n’a encore été émis, alors le·la Bloqueur·se sera pénalisé·e, car le port illégal de son couvre-casque aura eu un impact sur le match.

Scenario C2.2.G

Scenario moved and renumbered to Scenario C2.2.6.F

Scenario C2.2.H

Scenario moved and renumbered to Scenario C2.2.6.G

2.2.1. Jammeur·ses

On entend par Jammeur·se un·e Patineur·se qui est en possession visible du couvre-casque de Jammeur·se (« L’Etoile ») au début du Jam.

—Origine Section 2.2.1

Scenario C2.2.1.A

Red and White Skaters repeatedly shift positions between Jams. As the Jam starts, Red 34 is lined up fully behind the Jammer Line but is not wearing the Star, while Red 27 is lined up fully in front of the Jammer Line and is wearing the Star.

Conséquence : Le·la Patineur·se Rouge 27 est le·la Jammeur·se.

Raisonnement : Le·la Patineur·se Rouge 27 est le·la Patineur·se en possession de l’Étoile. L’Étoile détermine la personne qui est le·la Jammeur·se. Les deux Patineur·ses recevront une pénalité pour avoir commencé le Jam complètement hors de leur position.

Keep in Mind: Once the Jam starts, the Jammer Referee should communicate to Red 27 that they are the Jammer for this Jam. Since the rules do not accommodate for Jammers who forget their helmet covers, starting position should not take precedence over wearing the Star. In this case, both the Jammer (Red 27) and the Blocker (Red 34) have started the Jam in illegal starting positions.

Scenario C2.2.1.B

Before the Jam-Starting Whistle, Red Jammer skates backward. They come to a quick stop and sprint forward at the Jam-Starting Whistle.

Outcome: If Red Jammer was moving clockwise or stopped when the whistle occurred, nothing should be done. If Red Jammer turned counterclockwise earlier and was gaining speed, this should be treated as a False Start.

Raisonnement : Les Jammeur·ses ne peuvent pas être en train d’accélérer dans le sens anti-horaire au coup de sifflet de départ du Jam.

2.2.2. Lead Jammer

A Jammer becomes ineligible to earn Lead during a Jam if they commit a penalty during that Jam or the Lineup Time before that Jam, exit the front of the :term:`Engagement Zone` without having earned Lead, remove their helmet cover, or have their helmet cover removed by a teammate.

—Origine Section 2.2.2

Scenario C2.2.2.A

Red Jammer starts the Jam with their helmet cover inside-out. The stars are not visible with high contrast. They remove the cover, invert it, and put it back on their helmet. They then legally pass all Skaters, including the foremost Blocker.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est déclaré·e Lead Jammer.

Raisonnement : Puisque le·la Jammeur·se Rouge n’était pas en mesure d’acquérir le Lead avant d’enlever l’Etoile de sa tête, il·elle n’a alors pas perdu cette capacité.

Remarque : Si le·la Jammeur·se Rouge avait enlevé l’Étoile alors que les étoiles étaient visibles, il·elle aurait perdu sa capacité à gagner le Lead.

Scenario C2.2.2.B

Red Jammer exits the Engagement Zone but does not earn Lead Jammer. White Jammer is knocked down, but not Out of Bounds. While White Jammer is down, the opposing Blockers—including the foremost Blocker—all skate clockwise behind them. White Jammer then stands back up.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he sera considéré·e comme Lead Jammer lorsqu’il·elle se relèvera.

Rationale: By skating clockwise behind White Jammer, the Red Blockers gave up their superior position. As such, White Jammer earned those passes and they count toward earning Lead.

Scenario C2.2.2.C

White Jammer makes their way through the Pack on their initial trip, while Red Jammer remains stuck at the rear. Through numerous blocks and changes in position, White Jammer earns a pass on all Blockers, but none of them are the foremost Blocker in the Pack when White Jammer earns the pass.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammer Referee ne doit pas déclarer le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he Lead (pour le moment).

Rationale: White Jammer has earned a pass on all Blockers, but has never established superior position to the foremost Blocker in the Pack. Lead Jammer is earned when the Jammer has earned a pass on all In Play Blockers and established a superior position to the foremost In Play Blocker.

Scenario C2.2.2.D

Red Jammer passes all Blockers on their initial trip through the Pack, except for one White Blocker. Red Jammer legally pushes White Blocker to the front of the Engagement Zone, and then Out of Play.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est déclaré·e Lead Jammer dès que le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he quitte le devant de la zone d’engagement.

Rationale: Red Jammer only needs to pass the In Play Blockers to earn Lead Jammer.

Scenario C2.2.2.E

Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he et le·la Jammeur·se Rouge sont tou·tes deux devant l’ensemble des Bloqueur·ses, à l’exception du·de la Pivot Blanc·he. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est devant le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he et pousse le·la Pivot Blanc·he de manière légale en dehors de la Zone d’Engagement.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est déclaré·e Lead Jammer.

Rationale: At the moment that White Pivot left play, both Jammers had passed all In Play Blockers. Because Red Jammer was foremost, Red Jammer was declared Lead.

Scenario C2.2.2.F

Red Jammer passes all Blockers on their initial trip through the Pack, except White Pivot. Due to unrelated gameplay, Officials declare a No Pack situation. Red Jammer remains behind White Pivot.

Outcome: The Jammer Referee should not declare Red Jammer Lead (yet).

Rationale: Although White Pivot is now out of play, No Pack situations are different from Out of Play situations regarding earning passes and gaining position to earn Lead Jammer status. During a No Pack situation, a Jammer must still earn passes and may not illegally gain position on Skaters while the Jammer is Out of Bounds.

Keep in Mind: As White Pivot is currently the foremost Blocker, Red Jammer could earn Lead Jammer status by passing White Pivot.

Keep in Mind: If the Pack was reformed and White Pivot was ahead of the Engagement Zone, at that point Red Jammer would meet the requirements to earn Lead Jammer status.

2.2.3. Pivot

Aucun scénario pour Section 2.2.3.

2.2.4. Star Pass (Passage de l’Étoile)

A team’s Jammer may transfer their Role to their team’s Pivot by successfully completing a legal Star Pass. A legal Star Pass requires the jammer to hand the Star to their team’s Pivot while both Skaters are Upright, In Bounds, and In Play; and while neither Skater is en route to, or In Queue for, the Penalty Box.

—Origine Section 2.2.4

Scenario C2.2.4.A

White Jammer removes their helmet cover and directly hands it to a White Non-Pivot Blocker. White Jammer releases the helmet cover. White Non-Pivot Blocker immediately drops the helmet cover.

Outcome: No penalty

Rationale: While White Jammer may only pass the Star to their Pivot, because the White Blocker immediately dropped the Star, there has been no impact on gameplay.

Keep in Mind: If White Blocker did not immediately relinquish control of the helmet cover, a penalty would be issued to White Jammer.

Remarque : Si le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he détenait l’Étoile dans ses mains et qu’un·e Bloqueur·se Blanc·he lui avait pris lui·elle-même des mains, alors le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he serait celui·celle qui a initié le transfert d’Étoile et c’est le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he qui serait pénalisé·e.

Scenario C2.2.4.B

White Jammer removes their helmet cover and hands it to White Pivot. Before White Jammer releases their grip on the Star, White Pivot is knocked Out of Bounds. White Jammer then releases the Star to the Out of Bounds Pivot.

Outcome: The Star Pass is unsuccessful. Both Skaters retain their existing Roles. No penalty is warranted at this time, but the Pivot is warned they are not the Jammer.

Rationale: Although White Jammer attempted to pass the Star while White Pivot was eligible, a Star Pass is a single point of exchange: the moment at which the Star is released. Since the Skaters” Roles are not affected, and it is legal for the Pivot to control the helmet cover, there is no impact on gameplay.

Keep in Mind: If, after being warned that they are not the Jammer, the Pivot puts the Star on (or fails to remove it), they should be penalized.

Scenario C2.2.4.C

Le couvre-casque du·de la Pivot Blanc·he tombe pendant le déroulement normal du jeu. Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he enlève son couvre-casque, le donne au·à la Pivot Blanc·he et lâche l’Étoile.

Outcome: The Star Pass is unsuccessful. Both Skaters retain their existing Roles. No penalty is warranted at this time, but the Pivot is instructed to drop the Star.

Rationale: A Pivot who is not visibly wearing the Stripe cannot use the privileges of being a Pivot, such as receiving a Star Pass or even recovering the Star after an incomplete Star Pass. Because the Pivot’s helmet cover came off due to gameplay (as opposed to the Pivot intentionally removing it), they are warned that they are not the Pivot and allowed to relinquish control of the Star.

Keep in Mind: Once White Pivot is aware that they are not visibly wearing the Stripe, they must immediately relinquish control of the Star.

Scenario C2.2.4.D

Rouge 21 est le·la Jammeur·se. Il·elle enlève son couvre-casque et le jette au·à la Rouge 45, qui est présentement le·la Pivot. Rouge 45 (toujours le·la Pivot) attrape le couvre-casque et le redonne à Rouge 21 (toujours le·la Jammeur·se). Les deux patineur·ses attrapent l’Étoile, puis Rouge 21 la relâche. Rouge 45 garde l’Étoile en main et la met sur son casque.

Conséquence : Rouge 45 est maintenant le·la Jammeur·se.

Rationale: Throwing the Star is an incomplete Star Pass, not an illegal one. A Star Pass cannot be successfully completed by throwing. Catching the Star (out of the air) is equivalent to retrieving it (from the floor); the Pivot is not required to let the Star fall to the track first. Once Red Jammer clutches the helmet cover, they reestablish their control of the Star regardless of whether the Pivot lets go or not. They then complete the Star Pass in a legal fashion.

Scenario C2.2.4.E

While moving through the Pack, the Star comes off Red Jammer’s helmet and sticks to the Velcro on White Blocker’s wrist guard. White Blocker pulls the helmet cover free and drops it.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he ne reçoit pas de pénalité.

Rationale: White Blocker gained temporary possession of the helmet cover and dropped it. Because White Blocker did not intentionally attempt to remove the Star from Red Jammer’s helmet, they should not be issued a penalty for accidentally coming into control of the Star as long as they immediately relinquish control of the Star. The Star may get moved as part of normal gameplay, but may not be controlled by anyone other than the Jammer or Pivot.

Keep in Mind: If White Blocker had not touched the Star, which was stuck to their wrist guard and allowed Red Jammer or Pivot to recover it once they were aware of it, similarly no penalty would be warranted.

Keep in Mind: If White Blocker had pulled the Star off their Velcro, but not immediately relinquished control of the Star once they removed it from their wrist guard, a penalty would be warranted.

Scenario C2.2.4.F

Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he passe l’Étoile de manière légale au·à la Pivot Blanc·he. Plus tard dans le Jam, le·la Pivot Blanc·he maintenant devenu·e Jammeur·se reçoit une pénalité et se dirige vers la Penalty Box. Le Jam se termine et l’équipe Rouge demande une Official Review (révision d’arbitrage). Dans le cadre de la révision, le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he original.e reçoit une pénalité pour une action illégale qu’il·elle a effectué en tant que Jammeur·se.

Conséquence : La pénalité supplémentaire doit être purgée par le·la Pivot Blanc·he maintenant devenu·e Jammeur·se mais enregistrée pour le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he original·e. Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he ne doit pas être autorisé·e à participer au match jusqu’à ce que la pénalité qu’il·elle a reçu soit terminée.

Rationale: White Jammer legally passed the Star, making White Pivot the new Jammer, but received a penalty upon review for an action committed while they were the Jammer. This would put two different White Skaters in the Box as a Jammer. A penalty is assigned to a Skater. The penalty time is assigned to a Role, with the Skater originally in that Role not allowed to participate until it has been served.

In this example, the original White Jammer receives the penalty and the current White Jammer (former Pivot) serves the time. Reverting the current Jammer to a Pivot or having the original Jammer serve the time as a Blocker would deprive Red team of earned advantages.

2.2.5. Bloqueur·ses

Aucun scénario pour Section 2.2.5

2.2.6. Skater Starting Locations

Scenario C2.2.6.A

Lors du coup de sifflet de départ du Jam, le patin gauche du·de la Jammeur·se Rouge commence à rouler vers l’avant, et passe la ligne de Jammeur·se.

Outcome: Red Jammer is issued a False Start warning and must yield their position to all Skaters in their immediate vicinity. If they do not Yield, they will receive a penalty.

Rationale: At the Jam-Starting Whistle, Red Jammer was touching both their correct starting location and an illegal starting location.

Keep in Mind: Until they have been issued this warning, they cannot be penalized for failure to Yield.

Scenario C2.2.6.B

Lors du coup de sifflet de départ du Jam, le·la Pivot Blanc·he s’est aligné·e complètement devant la ligne de Pivot.

Conséquence : Le·la Pivot Blanc·he reçoit immédiatement une pénalité de positionnement illégal.

Raisonnement : Le·la Pivot Blanc·he était complètement hors position, en ayant les deux patins devant la ligne de Pivot. Il·elle sera immédiatement pénalisé·e, plutôt que d’avoir un avertissement avec une possibilité de céder sa position, car il s’agit d’une violation flagrante des règles concernant les positions de départ.

Scenario C2.2.6.C

As the Jam-Starting Whistle sounds, White Blocker is Out of Bounds on the inside of the track.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he sera invité·e à retourner sur son banc et ne sera pas en mesure de participer à ce Jam.

Raisonnement : Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he n’était pas sur la piste au début du Jam et il·elle ne peut alors participer au Jam.

Keep in Mind: Even if White Blocker were Straddling, they would still be considered Out of Bounds, thus not on the track, thus not allowed to participate in the Jam.

Scenario C2.2.6.D

Tou·tes les Bloqueur·ses Blanc·hes (incluant le·la Pivot Blanc·he) s’alignent correctement entre deux jams à la ligne de Pivot, mais sans toucher la ligne. Le·la pivot Rouge s’aligne derrière eux.elles. Juste avant que le Jam ne commence, le·la Pivot Rouge avance sa jambe et place son patin sur la ligne de Pivot.

Outcome: The White Non-Pivot Blockers should all be issued False Start warnings, and must Yield their positions to all nearby Skaters; any who do not Yield should receive a penalty.

Rationale: Red Pivot established their position in contact with the Pivot Line before the beginning of the Jam. Non-Pivot Blockers must begin the Jam behind the hips of any Pivots in contact with the Pivot Line. All Non-Pivot Blockers with hips ahead of the Red Pivot are therefore required to Yield.

Scenario C2.2.6.E

Dans le but de rejoindre la piste avant que le Jam ne débute, le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge saute depuis l’extérieur de la piste. Le coup de sifflet de départ du Jam est donné alors qu’il·elle est toujours en l’air. Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge atterrit dans la piste et il·elle est debout après que le Jam débute.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge a essayé d’entrer en piste depuis une zone en dehors des limites de la piste et était toujours en l’air au début du Jam. Il lui sera demandé de retourner sur son banc, et il·elle ne pourra pas participer au Jam.

Rationale: While airborne, a Skater retains the attributes of their previous status. Red Blocker’s previous status was Out of Bounds. As such, they remain Out of Bounds while airborne. Red Blocker was not on the track when the Jam began.

Scenario C2.2.6.F

As the Jam-Starting Whistle sounds, Red Pivot’s left skate has rolled backward, behind the Jammer Line. Red Pivot is issued a False Start warning. Red Pivot disengages from play, attempting to Yield to Skaters in the immediate proximity. No other Skaters take advantage of Red Pivot’s attempt to Yield.

Outcome: Red Pivot is no longer required to Yield and may continue to play.

Rationale: Red Pivot made a genuine attempt to Yield their position, allowing time for Skaters in proximity to take advantage. Giving Skaters in the immediate vicinity a reasonable opportunity to take advantage, even if that opportunity is not exercised, is enough to relieve Red Pivot of their requirement to Yield.

Scenario C2.2.6.G

All four Red Blockers line up directly behind the Pivot Line, leaving no room for another Skater to be legally positioned in front of them. White Blocker positions themself in front of the Red Blockers by straddling the Pivot Line.

Outcome: White Blocker is penalized immediately upon the jam starting whistle.

Rationale: Even though the White Blocker is partially legally positioned, they have intentionally adopted an illegal starting position to gain an advantage. Even if a False Start warning was issued, the White Blocker has already gained a strategic advantage by being positioned ahead of the Red Wall and impeding the Red Blockers” ability to immediately move forward. Because of this advantage and the intentional nature of the illegal position, an immediate penalty is warranted.

Keep in Mind: If White Blocker had been touching or had part of their skate ahead of the Pivot Line, but are otherwise not ahead of it, a False Start warning should be issued, and they should be given an opportunity to yield their position.

Keep in Mind: If the Red Blockers moved towards the Jammer Line so that the White Blocker’s immediate advantage is removed, then a False Start Warning should be given.

Pack & Engagement Zone Skater Starting Locations ————————-

2.3. Pack & Engagement Zone

The Pack is the largest group of In Bounds and Upright Blockers in proximity and containing members from both teams.

The Engagement Zone is the area in which it is legal for Blockers to engage or be engaged.

—Origin: Section 2.3

Scenario C2.3.A

Red Blocker 1 blocks White Blocker 1 Out of Bounds.

Outcome: No Pack. No penalty. White Blocker 1 must return in bounds to reform the Pack as soon as they legally can do so, and Red Blocker 1 must skate counterclockwise to allow White Blocker 1 to do so.

Rationale: Because there were no White Blockers within 10 ft (3.05 m) of any Red Blockers, no Pack could be defined. All Blockers must work together to allow a Pack to reform as quickly as possible.

Scenario C2.3.B

Le mur Rouge patine lentement vers l’avant pendant que les Bloqueur·ses Blanc·hes restent immobiles.

Conséquence : “No Pack” est déclaré. Aucune pénalité.

Raisonnement : Le fait que les Bloqueur·ses Rouges patinent au ralenti donnait au·à la Pivot Blanc·he la possibilité de maintenir le Pack, les Bloqueur·ses Rouges ne doivent pas être pénalisé·es. Le·la Pivot Blanc·he n’est pas obligé·e de maintenir le Pack, mais il·elle doit s’efforcer de reconstituer un Pack s’il n’y a plus de Pack. Par ailleurs, le·la Pivot Blanc·he n’a pas le droit de faire des déplacements brusques qui détruisent le Pack.

Remarque : Si, au lieu de se déplacer vers l’avant, les Bloqueur.ses Rouges étaient resté·es immobiles pendant que le·la Pivot Blanc·he patinait vers l’arrière ou bien se mettait à genou, le·a Pivot Blanc·he aurait alors été pénalisé·e. Le Roller Derby se joue dans le sens anti-horaire et les déplacements dans le sens horaire ne sont pas considérés de la même façon que les déplacements anti-horaires. Le fait de se mettre à genou est toujours considéré comme une action soudaine. Les mouvements subtiles comme le fait de balancer son poids en étant debout ne sont pas considérés comme des gestes brusques.

Scenario C2.3.C

In the above image, Red 3 and White Pivot are more than 10 ft (3.05 m) apart, as are Red 1 and White 3. Accordingly, the Pack is composed of White Pivot, Red 2, White 1, and White 2. Red 1 and Red Pivot are out of play.

The Pack would be composed of the following Skaters if the following Blockers fell down:

Blanc·he 2	Blanc·he 1, Rouge 2, Pivot Blanc·he
Blanc·he 1	No Pack. Red 3 and White 3 could be a Pack of two, but so could White Pivot and Red 2.
Rouge 2	Blanc·he 3 et Rouge 3
Pivot Blanc·he	Blanc·he 1, Rouge 2, Rouge 2
Rouge 3 ou n’importe quel·le Patineur·se en avant de lui·elle	The Pack does not change.

2.4. Blocages et Assistances

Aucun scénario pour Section 2.4.

2.5. Dépassement

Skaters gain superior position on other Skaters by passing them in the counterclockwise direction.

Jammers only « earn » a pass if the pass occurs while the Jammer is wearing the Star on their helmet with the stars showing.

—Origin: Section 2.5

Scenario C2.5.A

White Jammer is on their second trip through the Pack and has not yet earned any passes on Red Blockers. Red Pivot receives a penalty, and begins to exit the track. White Jammer passes Red Pivot while Red Pivot is still in bounds.

Points: One point.

Rationale: Blockers who have been directed to the Penalty Box but are still touching In Bounds (including Straddling) can still be scored upon as if they had not been penalized. White Jammer earns a pass on penalized Red Pivot by gaining superior position before Red Pivot exits the track.

Keep in Mind: If there were other Red Blockers in the Penalty Box, earning a pass on Red Pivot would also result in earned passes on those penalized Red Blockers.

3. Score

3.1. Earning Points

Jammers score one point every time they lap an opposing Blocker.

—Origin: Section 3.1

Scenario C3.1.A

Red Jammer approaches the Pack for their second trip. Red Jammer passes all opponents except a White Non-Pivot Blocker, who blocks Red Jammer out, forcing Red Jammer to re-enter behind the Pack. Before Red Jammer reenters the Pack, White Jammer passes the Star to White Pivot. Red Jammer reenters the Pack, passes all opponents again, and exits the Engagement Zone.

Points: Quatre points.

Rationale: As a result of the successful Star Pass, the White Jammer and White Pivot exchange status in terms of scoring and being scored upon. Since the Red Jammer had already scored on the original White Pivot before the Star Pass, they have the point for the White Blocker (originally the White Jammer) in this trip and cannot score it again.

Keep in Mind: Were it White Pivot who blocked Red Jammer out, and White Pivot received a Star Pass and exited the Engagement Zone before being passed, Red Jammer could still score four points by earning a pass on the former White Jammer (now a Blocker).

Scenario C3.1.B

Red Jammer enters the Pack ahead of White Jammer, while White Jammer is approaching the Pack for their second trip. Red Jammer passes the Star, and the new Red Jammer escapes the Pack. White Jammer enters the Pack and passes all four Red Blockers (including the original Red Jammer).

Points : Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he gagne quatre points.

Rationale: All Blockers are considered to be tied together with respect to the opposing Jammer’s trip through the Pack. Even though White Jammer did not lap the original Red Jammer, when Red Jammer became a Blocker, this gave White Jammer lapping position.

Scenario C3.1.C

Intentionally Removed

Scenario C3.1.D

White Jammer is on their second trip through the Pack and jumps the apex, passing all four Red Blockers while mid-air. White Jammer’s right skate lands in bounds, with their hips ahead of all Blockers. As a result of the same action, White Jammer’s left skate subsequently lands out of bounds.

Points: Quatre points.

Rationale: White Jammer’s in-bounds status was maintained while airborne because the first part of their skate to touch back down touched in bounds. White Jammer’s upright status was maintained while airborne because they touched the floor skate first. The fact that White Jammer touched out of bounds with the other skate does not affect points (but does affect their subsequent position relative to the Skaters they passed while airborne).

3.2. Scoring Trips

Points are grouped by trips through the Pack.

—Origin: Section 3.2

Scenario C3.2.A

Intentionally Removed

Scenario C3.2.B

White Pivot is sent to the Penalty Box shortly after the Jam begins. Red Jammer completes their first trip through the Pack, and begins their second. Red Jammer earns a pass on two White Blockers before White Pivot returns to the track and the Jam is called.

Points: Trois points.

Rationale: On Red Jammer’s second trip through the Pack, they earned a pass on White Pivot by earning a pass on the first White Blocker while White Pivot was penalized.

Scenario C3.2.C

At the start of the Jam, Red Jammer blocks White Jammer out of bounds and skates clockwise. Red Jammer leaves the Engagement Zone from the rear, reenters it from the front, and skates in bounds to the rear of the Pack. White Jammer comes in behind Red Jammer, and gets stuck in the Pack prior to restarting their initial trip through the Pack. Red Jammer skates forward, exits the Engagement Zone from the front, enters the Engagement Zone from the rear, earns passes on all opponents, and completes their initial trip through the Pack.

Points: Zéro point.

Rationale: Even though Red Jammer earned passes while « lapping » all opposing Blockers on their initial trip through the Pack, passes prior to the initial trip do not count toward lapping Blockers.

Scenario C3.2.D

White Blocker begins the Jam in the Penalty Box. Red Jammer finishes their first trip through the Pack and begins their second. White Blocker returns to the track behind Red Jammer. Red Jammer earns passes on all opponents and exits the front of the Engagement Zone.

Points: Quatre points.

Rationale: Because White Blocker returned to the track behind Red Jammer, Red Jammer could still earn a pass on them by earning a pass on another White Blocker.

Keep in Mind: If White Blocker had passed Red Jammer before Red Jammer earned a pass on another opposing Blocker, Red Jammer would have to earn a pass on the returning White Blocker to score their point as usual.

Scenario C3.2.E

Intentionally Removed

3.3. Scoring Avoidance

Opponents can only avoid being scored upon by remaining ahead of the Jammer, or by ensuring that when they are passed, the pass is not earned.

—Origin: Section 3.3

Scenario C3.3.A

Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he est dans son deuxième passage à travers le Pack et dépasse tou·tes les Bloqueur·ses adverses à l’exception du·de la Pivot Rouge, qui se trouve devant lui.elle. Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he sort à l’avant de la zone d’engagement alors que le·la Pivot Rouge se trouve toujours devant lui·elle.

Points: Quatre points.

Raisonnement : Quitter la Zone d’Engagement en avant du·de la Jammeur·se adverse n’est pas un moyen valide pour un·e Bloqueur·se tel·le que le·la Pivot Rouge de ne pas se faire marquer. Avec cette action, il·elle a empêché le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he d’obtenir son point en le.la dépassant pendant son deuxième passage à travers le Pack. Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he est alors considéré·e comme ayant gagné un dépassement sur le·la Pivot Rouge lorsqu’il·elle termine son deuxième passage à travers le Pack. Les autres Bloqueur·ses opposé·es avaient déjà été marqué·es de façon habituelle.

Keep in Mind: Had the Jam ended before White Jammer exited the Engagement Zone but while Red Pivot was ahead of them and also ahead of the Engagement Zone, White Jammer would have earned the pass on Red Pivot for the same reason because the Jam ending completes the scoring trip. However, had Red Pivot remained inside the Engagement Zone but ahead of White Jammer, White Jammer would not have earned a pass on Red Pivot because they had the opportunity to do so while inside the Engagement Zone.

Scenario C3.3.B

White Jammer is on their second trip through the Pack. They earn a pass on all opposing Blockers except Red Pivot, who is in front of them. Red Pivot forces White Jammer out of bounds, and then goes out of play. Red Pivot turns around, returns to play, and ends up behind White Jammer who is still out of bounds. White Jammer reenters in front of Red Pivot, and just ahead of the Engagement Zone.

Points: Trois points.

Rationale: When White Jammer reentered the track outside the Engagement Zone, their second trip through the Pack was complete. At that time, Red Pivot was in play. As such, White Jammer had the opportunity to earn a pass on Red Pivot during that trip through the Pack by returning to play inside the Engagement Zone, and then passing the Red Pivot.

Scenario C3.3.C

White Jammer begins their second trip through the Pack. Red Blocker 1 is sent to the Penalty Box. Red Blocker 2 removes themself from play to address an equipment issue. White Jammer has not passed Red Blockers 3 or 4. The Jam is then called off.

Points: Zéro point.

Raisonnement : Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he n’a dépassé aucun·e adversaire avant la fin du Jam.

Keep in Mind: White Jammer had the opportunity to earn a pass on Red Blockers 3 or 4, and would have thereby earned a pass on Red Blocker 1 and Red Blocker 2 for a total of three points.

Scenario C3.3.D

White Jammer begins their second trip through the Pack. Red Blockers 1 and 2 are already seated in the Penalty Box. Red Blocker 3 goes to the Box for a penalty. Red Blocker 4 removes themself from play to address an equipment issue. White Jammer skates past their own teammates.

Points: Quatre points.

Raisonnement : Parce qu’il n’y avait aucune opportunité pour le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he de dépasser l’un·e de ses adversaires, le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he gagne un dépassement sur chacun·e d’entre eux·elles en terminant le passage à travers la Zone d’Engagement, tel que défini pendant une situation de No Pack.

Scenario C3.3.E

White Jammer begins their second trip through the Pack. Red Blockers 1 and 2 are already seated in the Penalty Box. Red Blocker 3 loses a toe stop and removes themself from active play. Red Blocker 4 is issued a penalty and is told to remain on the track, but skates off anyway. White Jammer skates past their teammates and Red Blocker 4 while the Officials tell Red Blocker 4 to return to the track.

Points: Quatre points.

Raisonnement : Comme le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge 4 n’a pas été envoyé·e en dehors de la piste pour aller en Penalty Box, ce·tte Bloqueur·se fait toujours partie du jeu (il·elle est juste en dehors des limites de la piste). Lorsque le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he est passé·e à côté du·de la Bloqueur·se Rouge 4, le dépassement a été validé normalement même si le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge 4 était en dehors des limites à ce moment-là.

Keep in Mind: If Red Blocker 4 had taken off quickly so that White Jammer was denied the opportunity to earn a pass on Red Blocker 4, then when White Jammer completed their trip through the Engagement Zone, they would have earned the pass on Red Blocker 4 just as though Red Blocker 4 were ahead of the Engagement Zone (but still in bounds). Because there is no Pack, White Jammer’s trip through the Engagement Zone is completed when they are 20 ft (6.10 m) in front of the foremost In Bounds member of the prior Pack (in this case, their teammate).

Scenario C3.3.F

Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge commet une pénalité au début de son deuxième passage à travers le Pack, en n’ayant dépassé aucun·e adversaire pendant ce passage. Alors que le·la Jammeur·se Rouge se trouve dans la Penalty Box, deux Bloqueur·ses Blanc·hes sont envoyé·es en Box. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est libéré·e et revient dans la Zone d’Engagement. Le Pack se déplace rapidement et le·la Jammeur·se Rouge ne dépasse personne. Les deux autres Bloqueur·ses Blanc·hes sont relâché·es et reviennent sur la piste derrière le·la Jammeur·se Rouge. Le Jam prend fin.

Points: Zéro point.

Rationale: Red Jammer had an opportunity to earn a pass on the two penalized White Blockers by earning a pass on one of the unpenalized White Blockers.

Scenario C3.3.G

Intentionally Removed

Scenario C3.3.H

Intentionally Removed

Scenario C3.3.I

Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge termine son premier passage à travers le Pack et dépasse un·e Bloqueur·se adverse alors qu’il·elle retire l’Étoile. Alors que l’Étoile est retirée, les trois autres Bloqueur·ses adverses commettent des pénalités et sont envoyé·es en Penalty Box. Le Jam prend fin alors que l’Étoile du Jammeur·se Rouge se trouve toujours dans ses mains.

Résultat: Un point.

Raisonnement : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge n’était pas en mesure de gagner des points pendant que l’Étoile était retirée, mais il·elle a tout de même reçu le point gagné pendant que l’Étoile était sur son casque.

Remarque : Si le·la Jammeur·se Rouge avait remis son Étoile avant la fin du Jam, il·elle aurait gagné des points pour les autres Bloqueur·ses adverses dès que l’Étoile aurait été remise sur son casque.

Scenario C3.3.J

Red Jammer begins a scoring trip and is ahead of White Jammer. Red Jammer earns passes on three White Blockers but remains behind White Pivot. White Jammer successfully passes the Star to White Pivot, but remains behind Red Jammer. Red Jammer completes their scoring trip having never earned a pass on the original White Jammer (now Blocker).

Outcome: Four points.

Rationale: Red Jammer must have at least one opportunity to earn a pass on all opposing Blockers on every trip through the Pack, including a Jammer-turned-Blocker as a result of a Star Pass. When the Jammer becomes a Blocker, they are considered a Blocker returning to active gameplay (see Section 2.5).

3.4. Penalized Jammers

When a Jammer is penalized, they are considered to no longer be on the track.

—Origin: Section 3.4

Scenario C3.4.A

Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge termine son passage initial à travers le Pack et n’a dépassé aucun·e Bloqueur·se adverse quand il·elle commet deux pénalités à la suite. Il·elle est envoyé·e en Penalty Box pendant 60 secondes, pendant lesquelles les quatre Bloqueur·ses adverses commettent également des pénalités et sont envoyé·es en Box. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge revient à l’arrière du Pack, mais le Jam prend fin avant qu’il·elle ne puisse dépasser les autres adversaires.

Résultat: Aucun point.

Rationale: Red Jammer did not earn a pass on any opposing Blockers, so they were not eligible to earn any Not-On-the-Track points.

Remarque : Si le·la Jammeur·se Rouge avait dépassé l’un·e des Bloqueur·ses adverses avant que sa pénalité ne soit purgée, il·elle aurait gagné des points pour les autres Bloqueur·ses adverses lors de son retour sur la piste.

Keep in Mind: If Red Jammer had earned a pass on an opposing Blocker once they returned from serving their penalty but before the Jam ended, they would have also earned a point on any opposing Blockers still seated in the Box or any opposing Blockers returning from the Box behind Red Jammer.

3.5. Errors in Scoring & Score Reporting

No scenarios for Section 3.5

4. Pénalités

Pour les scénarios suivants, les informations suivantes sont à considérer.

• L’équipe hôte porte des uniformes rouges.

• L’équipe invitée porte des uniformes blancs.

• Both teams have legally fielded three Blockers, a Pivot, and a Jammer, unless otherwise noted.

• Le Jam commence et le Pack est défini.

• Tou·tes les Patineur·ses se déplacent en sens antihoraire, sauf indication contraire, et commencent à se bloquer mutuellement.

4.1. Pénalités de contact

4.1.1. Impact sur une zone cible illégale

Making contact to an Illegal Target Zone should be penalized based on the impact it has on the target. (see Section 2.4.1)

—Origine Section 4.1.1

Scenario C4.1.1.A

White Blocker, falling as a result of contact with Red Blocker, « falls small » by tucking their arms and legs close into their body. Red Jammer, skating close behind, trips over White Blocker and falls.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Raisonnement : Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he a fait tout ce qu’il·elle pouvait pour essayer de ne pas être un danger.

Keep in Mind: Were this the third time White Blocker had caused an opponent to fall in this manner, they should receive a penalty. While « falling small » mitigates the safety risk of a Skater falling on the track, excessive falling with impact represents a larger safety risk that should result in a penalty.

Scenario C4.1.1.B

Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge patine le long de la ligne intérieure et essaie de sauter l’apex pour dépasser le Pack. Le·la Pivot Blanc·he initie un blocage sur la partie supérieure du bras du·de la Jammeur·se Rouge, ce qui fait perdre l’équilibre au·à la Jammeur·se Rouge et écourte son saut. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge tombe hors des limites de la piste. Il·elle tombe en « fall small » mais son élan l’emporte et le.la fait glisser sur la piste dans les jambes du·de la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he. Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he trébuche sur le·la Jammeur·se Rouge et tombe.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est pénalisé·e.

Raisonnement : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est considéré·e comme étant dans les limites lorsque le·la Pivot Blanc·he initie un blocage légal. Même si le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est tombé·e en « fall small », l’impulsion de son élan en revenant sur la piste implique qu’il·elle représente un risque pour la sécurité sur plus qu’une zone « limitée ». La perte de position du·de la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he en raison du risque pris est suffisante pour justifier une pénalité.

Scenario C4.1.1.C

Red Pivot and two Red Blockers form a three-person wall. White Blocker initiates a block to the back of Red Pivot with a Legal Blocking Zone. Red Pivot does not fall but is pushed out of the center of the wall. White Jammer is able to pass the other two Red Blockers at the hips before Red Pivot reclaims their position.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he reçoit une pénalité.

Rationale: White Blocker did not gain advantage from their block to an Illegal Target Zone, but a teammate did: White Jammer earned passes and therefore scored points.

Remarque : Si le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he s’était entièrement déplacé·e à travers le mur et avait poursuivi sa route, ceci aurait également pu justifier une pénalité pour avoir gagné une position, même s’il·elle ne marquait aucun point.

Scenario C4.1.1.D

Red Blocker initiates a chest-to-chest block against White Blocker. The force of the impact causes secondary contact of Red Blocker’s upper arm to White Blocker’s neck. White Blocker’s head jerks back, but they do not fall off balance or go down.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge reçoit une pénalité.

Rationale: Though Red Blocker’s hit was to a Legal Target Zone with a Legal Blocking Zone, and White Blocker lost neither position nor advantage, forceful contact to the head or neck should always result in a penalty.

Remarque : Un contact indirect au cou ou à la tête qui n’est pas puissant et qui n’a aucun autre impact n’entraîne pas de pénalité.

Scenario C4.1.1.E

Red Blocker skates clockwise when White Blocker steps behind them, positionally blocking Red Blocker’s back with a Legal Target Zone. Red Blocker stops skating clockwise.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: A Skater cannot be penalized for positionally blocking an Illegal Target Zone. Skaters may be oriented and be moving in various directions during a game.

Scenario C4.1.1.F

White Jammer approaches the rear of the Pack, targeting Red Blocker. Well before impact is made, Red Blocker side-steps, presenting their back (an Illegal Target Zone). White Jammer makes contact anyway and knocks Red Blocker down.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he reçoit une pénalité.

Raisonnement : Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge a établi une nouvelle position avant que le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he n’entre en contact. Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he est responsable du blocage qu’il·elle initie, quelle que soit la zone initialement ciblée.

Keep in Mind: If White Jammer had no reasonable opportunity to avoid Red Blocker’s Illegal Target Zone because Red Blocker had presented that Illegal Target Zone at the last moment, Red Blocker would then be initiating with their back, a Legal Blocking Zone. Because White Jammer would not be considered the initiator, no penalty is warranted.

Scenario C4.1.1.G

White Jammer skates fast and directly into Red Blocker’s back, who was not prepared for the contact. Red Blocker falls wildly and slides into the skates of a wall of White Blockers in front of them, who fall.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he reçoit une pénalité. Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge ne reçoit pas de pénalité.

Rationale: White Jammer made illegal contact to Red Blocker. Due to this illegal contact, Red Blocker was unable to avoid committing their illegal action and should not be penalized.

Scenario C4.1.1.H

Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge patine autour de la piste à une très grande vitesse. Il·elle percute le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he très fort dans le dos sans essayer d’éviter le contact illégal. Toutefois, le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he ne tombe pas et le·la Jammeur·se Rouge ne gagne pas de position sur qui que ce soit avec cette action.

Outcome: Red Jammer is penalized and should be considered for an expulsion.

Rationale: Contact to an opponent’s back is illegal, in part because it is unsafe. A flagrant violation of this rule poses a safety hazard to White Blocker, which has sufficient impact on the game to expel Red Jammer if judged to be negligent, intentional, or reckless, regardless of if White Blocker lost position.

Scenario C4.1.1.I

Red Jammer is stuck behind a wall of White Blockers. Red Jammer forcefully blocks White Blocker 1 in the back, but due to a legal assist from White Blocker 2, White Blocker 1 remains in position.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est pénalisé·e.

Rationale: Contact to an opponent’s back is illegal, in part, because it is unsafe. Red Jammer was in control of their actions and initiated illegal forceful contact to the back of White Blocker 1. This action is penalized regardless of impact or outcome.

Keep in Mind: If Red Jammer initiated non-forceful contact to the back of White Blocker 1 with a Legal Blocking Zone, the threshold for a penalty would be that of Illegal Target Zone contact.

Scenario C4.1.1.J

Red Jammer is approaching White Blocker 1. White Blocker 2 initiates a legal block on Red Jammer at the last second, forcing them out of their trajectory and directly into the back of White Blocker 1 (without any opportunity to recover before making contact). White Blocker 1 receives forceful contact but maintains their position ahead of Red Jammer and does not otherwise lose position.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: Red Jammer was hit into the illegal contact with White Blocker 1 by an opponent’s legal gameplay; as such, their forceful contact to the back was unavoidable. The illegal contact did not result in any other impact (such as loss of position) that warranted a penalty.

Keep in Mind: A Skater is responsible for maintaining control of their body and the contact they initiate as a result of legal gameplay. If White Blocker 1 had lost position, Red Jammer would be penalized.

Keep in Mind: If Red Jammer made forceful contact to the back of White Blocker 1 due to the assist of a Red teammate, then the contact would be considered avoidable and Red Jammer penalized.

4.1.2. Impact avec une zone de blocage illégale

Making contact with an Illegal Blocking Zone should be penalized based on the impact it has on the target. (see Section 2.4.2)

—Origine Section 4.1.2

Scenario C4.1.2.A

Red Jammer initiates a block with their forearms tucked into their torso, to a Legal Target Zone of White Blocker. White Blocker is knocked out of bounds.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: Red Jammer’s forearms were fully tucked into their torso. While forearms are an Illegal Blocking Zone, tucking them into the torso effectively makes them part of the torso, and thus a Legal Blocking Zone.

Scenario C4.1.2.B

White Blocker initiates a block against Red Jammer, using their upper arm against a Legal Target Zone. The natural momentum of the impact causes additional contact, sliding down to White Blocker’s elbow. Red Jammer ends up out of bounds as a result of the action.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: White Blocker used their upper arm to initiate the block. Red Jammer’s loss of position was a result of a block from a Legal Blocking Zone and not the additional contact that resulted from the momentum of the impact. Both examples are legal play.

Keep in Mind: Many legal blocks include incidental or meaningless contact using an Illegal Blocking Zone, or to an Illegal Target Zone. If the illegal contact does not have further impact, no penalty should be assessed.

Scenario C4.1.2.C

Scenario moved and renumbered to Scenario C4.1.5.A

Scenario C4.1.2.D

Alors que le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he avance, le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge perd son équilibre et tombe dans la trajectoire du·de la Jammeur·se Blanc·he, se penche en avant et se retrouve avec la tête devant le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he. Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he s’arrête complètement pour ne pas percuter la tête du·de la Bloqueur·se Rouge.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: Though White Jammer lost significant momentum as a result of Red Blocker’s positional block with an Illegal Blocking Zone (head), unintentional positional blocking with the head does not warrant a penalty.

Remarque : Si le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge avait présenté sa tête de manière intentionnelle dans le but de ralentir l’élan du·de la Jammeur·se Blanc·he ou bien avait continué à utiliser le risque de dommage à l’encontre de sa propre tête comme un obstacle, le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge aurait dû être pénalisé·e pour comportement dangereux et antisportif.

Scenario C4.1.2.E

Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he perd son équilibre et saisit le maillot du·de la Bloqueur·se Rouge dans le but de retrouver son équilibre. Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge reste debout mais cela le·la ralentit considérablement. Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he récupère son équilibre

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he reçoit une pénalité.

Rationale: Assists taken from an opponent, such as whips or braces, are penalizable if they result in some kind of advantage for the initiator or disadvantage for the opponent. White Blocker significantly slowed Red Blocker by using an Illegal Blocking Zone.

Scenario C4.1.2.F

Le·la Pivot Blanc·he essaie de rejoindre les autres Bloqueur·ses Blanc·hes mais est retenu·e par un mur de Bloqueur·ses Rouges. Le·la Pivot Blanc·he se faufile devant les Bloqueur·ses Rouges sur la ligne extérieure, en utilisant ses avant-bras sur ces Bloqueur·ses Rouges pour rester dans les limites.

Conséquence : Le·la Pivot Blanc·he reçoit une pénalité.

Raisonnement : Le·la Pivot Blanc·he a gagné une position supérieure sur le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge en utilisant ses avant-bras pour rester dans les limites pendant une action qui l’aurait sinon fait sortir des limites de la piste.

Scenario C4.1.2.G

Red Jammer has passed all but the foremost White Blocker. White Blocker faces clockwise with their arms outstretched and initiates a block against Red Jammer with the entirety of their arm: upper arm, elbow, and forearm. Red Jammer is not knocked down, but they are brought to a stop.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he reçoit une pénalité.

Rationale: Though Red Jammer did not lose position, their progress was significantly impeded by Illegal Blocking Zones.

Remarque : Si le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he avait baissé son avant-bras et son coude dès que le contact avait été effectué, aucune pénalité n’aurait été donnée. C’est l’impact prolongé de l’avant-bras et du coude qui rend cette action pénalisable.

Scenario C4.1.2.H

Red Jammer enters the rear of the pack and is blocked towards the outside line by White Pivot. Red Jammer is knocked off-balance and grabs onto White Pivot’s jersey, which prevents Red Jammer from stepping out of bounds. Red Jammer regains their balance in-bounds, without gaining relative position. White Pivot remains stable and unimpeded.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est pénalisé·e.

Rationale: Red Jammer used their forearms to maintain an in-bounds position that they otherwise would not have been able to maintain.

Scenario C4.1.2.I

Red Pivot loses their balance due to a teammate’s action and grabs onto White Blocker’s arm - which prevents Red Pivot from falling down.

Conséquence : Le·la Pivot Rouge reçoit une pénalité.

Rationale: Red Pivot used their forearms to maintain an upright position that they otherwise would not have been able to maintain.

Keep in Mind: If White Blocker had grabbed onto and stabilized Red Pivot, preventing Red Pivot from falling - no penalty would be warranted.

4.1.3. Other Illegal Contact

Initiating a block is legal when a Skater is moving counterclockwise, In Play, Upright, and In Bounds during a Jam using Legal Contact Zones.

—Origin: Section 4.1.3

Scenario C4.1.3.A

White Pivot stands still on their toe stops and initiates a block against Red Jammer. Red Jammer counter-blocks, but is brought to a stop by the White Pivot, who remains stopped.

Conséquence : Le·la Pivot Blanc·he reçoit une pénalité.

Rationale: If Red Jammer loses position or has their momentum or trajectory severely affected by a block initiated in an illegal way, the initiator should receive a penalty. In this example, if White Pivot had not maintained their stopped position, but had returned to counterclockwise motion while blocking, no penalty would be warranted.

Keep in Mind: It is not the use of toe stops that warrants penalization in this scenario, but the fact that the White Pivot had an impact on the Red Jammer while stopped. If White Pivot had continued to move counter-clockwise on the track while on their toe stops, no penalty would have been warranted.

Scenario C4.1.3.B

Red Blocker uses a Legal Blocking Zone to initiate a block to a Legal Target Zone of White Blocker. White Blocker is pushed until one skate is in bounds and one skate is out of bounds. Red Blocker continues to block until White Blocker is fully out of bounds. Red Blocker re-initiates a new block that knocks White Blocker down.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge reçoit une pénalité.

Rationale: A Skater should not expect to be blocked while out of bounds. It is only legal to block a Skater who is in bounds or straddling. The secondary block is what warrants the penalty.

Scenario C4.1.3.C

Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge tombe hors des limites de la piste et est recyclé·e à l’arrière du Pack. Il·elle accélère en dehors de la piste puis rentre sur la piste, en se dirigeant directement dans le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he qui tombe.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge reçoit une pénalité.

Rationale: Even if the Target and Blocking Zones were legal and both Skaters were in bounds, Red Blocker gained an unexpected advantage by accelerating while out of bounds into the block. White Blocker should not expect to be blocked by an Out of Bounds opponent.

Scenario C4.1.3.D

Red Blocker is knocked out of bounds by White Blocker, who also goes out of bounds, leaving an opening on the inside line. The Out of Bounds Red Blocker grabs the In Bounds Red Jammer by the hips and pushes them past the In Bounds White Blockers.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge reçoit une pénalité.

Rationale: The threshold for penalization of assists follows similar metrics to blocks. They cannot come from an unblockable position, such as out of bounds, while down, or while stopped. Because Red Blocker could not legally be blocked, it would also be illegal to provide an assist.

Scenario C4.1.3.E

White Jammer, having lined up just behind the Jammer Line, is contacted by Red Jammer attempting to take the same space. White Jammer falls Out of Bounds before the Jam-Starting Whistle.

Outcome: Red Jammer is penalized for blocking before the Jam start. White Jammer is allowed to participate in this Jam. Red Jammer has lost the ability to earn Lead Jammer status in this Jam.

Rationale: It is illegal to block before a Jam has begun. Because White Jammer was not in a legal starting position due to an opponent’s illegal action, they are allowed to participate in the Jam.

Keep in Mind: Should White Jammer be blocked into a false starting position rather than Out of Bounds, White Jammer is allowed to participate in the Jam (without the need to Yield). Red Jammer would still receive a penalty for blocking before the Jam start.

Keep in Mind: A Skater penalized before the start of a Jam should serve their penalty in the Role in which they appear to be acting.

Scenario C4.1.3.F

White Blocker initiates contact to Red Jammer during the Jam-Ending Whistle. Red Jammer stumbles significantly off balance after the Jam-Ending Whistle.

Outcome: White Blocker initiated legally before the end of the Jam. No penalty.

Rationale: It is illegal to block after a Jam has ended. It is, however, legal to initiate during the Jam-Ending Whistle, even if the outcome happens once the Jam has ended.

Keep in Mind: Should that same hit start after the Jam-Ending Whistle, Red Jammer need not fall nor be knocked Out of Bounds. Being hit significantly off balance after the Jam-Ending Whistle is sufficient to penalize the initiator of that hit.

Keep in Mind: A Skater penalized after the end of the Jam should serve their penalty in the Role in which they appear to be acting.

Scenario C4.1.3.G

Red Jammer is 18 ft (5.48 m) ahead of the Pack alongside White Pivot. They continue to skate, and an Official gives an Out of Play warning to both players. White Pivot continues to skate alongside Red Jammer, and then blocks Red Jammer, making hip-to-hip contact. Red Jammer counter-blocks White Pivot in an attempt to remain upright and continue on their way. White Pivot falls as a result.

Conséquence : Le·la Pivot Blanc·he reçoit une pénalité. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge non.

Rationale: White Pivot received an Out of Play warning and failed to immediately attempt to return to the Engagement Zone; rather, they continued to block Red Jammer. Skaters who are illegally blocked while Out of Play may legally counter-block, so Red Jammer’s actions do not warrant a penalty.

Keep in Mind: If Red Jammer’s action was not a counter-block, but instead a separate and distinct initiation of a block, Red Jammer should be penalized as White Pivot falling is enough impact to warrant a penalty for illegal contact.

Scenario C4.1.3.H

Red Jammer is 18 ft (5.48 m) ahead of the pack. White Pivot is alongside Red Jammer. They skate forward, and an Official gives an Out of Play warning to both players. After the warning is given, White Pivot initiates a block to Red Jammer. Red Jammer counter-blocks and is able to maintain their upright status and their momentum. Red Jammer then actively continues blocking White Pivot until White Pivot is Out of Bounds.

Outcome: Both players are penalized.

Rationale: Both players received an Out of Play warning. White Pivot illegally failed to immediately attempt to return to the engagement zone. Skaters who are illegally blocked while Out of Play may legally counter-block, so Red Jammer’s initial counter-block does not warrant a penalty.

Red Jammer’s continued blocking after absorbing the impact of White Pivot’s block should be considered a new block. While Jammers are never considered Out of Play, blocking an Out of Play skater is illegal for all Skaters. By significantly altering White Pivot’s trajectory, Red Jammer’s illegal block had sufficient impact to warrant a penalty.

Keep In Mind: Initiating a block after an Out of Play warning is, by definition, failing to attempt to return to the engagement zone. As such, White Pivot should be penalized for maintaining an illegal position regardless of the impact of their block on the Red Jammer.

Scenario C4.1.3.I

White Blocker is standing while legally out of bounds. A Red Blocker is blocked off the track and collides with the White Blocker. White Blocker moves toward the Red Blocker and brings up their arms to actively absorb the force of the contact and protect both Skaters. Red Blocker falls to the ground as a result of the contact.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: While White Blocker moved towards the opposing block, the purpose of the action was to actively absorb the contact, rather than intentionally force the Red Blocker down. The White Blocker’s action was taken in the interest of safety, and should not be penalized. The preservation of player safety supersedes any gameplay concern not already enumerated in the Rules.

Scenario C4.1.3.J

White Pivot is currently the only white Blocker in the Pack. White Jammer approaches White Pivot and initiates an assist off White Pivot, which abruptly reduces White Pivot’s speed enough to cause them to fall back more than 10 ft. (3 meters).

Conséquence : Les Arbitres déclarent une situation de No Pack. Aucun pénalité.

Raisonnement : La destruction du Pack est survenue à la suite du déroulement normal du jeu. Ceci ne devrait pas être considéré comme une destruction illégale du Pack.

Keep in Mind: Taking or giving assists are considered parts of normal gameplay. If the White Jammer instead pushed White Pivot Out of Bounds or to the ground, White Jammer should be penalized instead. This action is considered a deliberate destruction of the Pack, and the White Jammer should be issued a penalty for Unsporting Conduct (Misconduct).

4.1.4. Multiplayer Blocks

Skaters may not form a wall by linking with or grasping a teammate, or otherwise forming an impenetrable connection.

—Origin: Section 4.1.4

Scenario C4.1.4.A

Des Bloqueur·ses Rouges forment un mur de trois, en séparant le·la Pivot Blanc·he des autres Bloqueur·ses Blanc·hes. Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge situé.e au milieu s’accroche par les bras au·à la Bloqueur·se Rouge situé.e vers l’extérieur. Le·la Pivot Blanc·he initie un blocage contre les Bloqueur·ses Rouges situé.es au milieu et vers l’extérieur, en essayant de pousser entre les deux Patineur·ses, mais n’arrive pas à traverser. Tou·tes les Bloqueur·ses restent debout.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge situé.e au milieu était celui·celle qui était le·la plus responsable pour s’être accroché.e par les bras à son·sa coéquipier·ère et il·elle recevra une pénalité.

Raisonnement : Les Bloqueur·ses Rouges situé.es au milieu et vers l’extérieur ont obtenu un avantage en créant un lien que le·la Pivot Blanc·he n’était pas en mesure de briser. Dès que le·la Pivot Blanc·he a essayé de briser ce lien, cette action est devenue pénalisable.

Remarque : Si on ne peut déterminer qui a initié le lien, alors c’est le·la Patineur·se le·la plus proche de l’Arbitre qui annonce la pénalité qui sera pénalisé·e.

Remarque : Si le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge situé.e au milieu s’était également accroché·e à le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge situé.e vers l’intérieur, aucune pénalité supplémentaire n’aurait été donnée parce que le·la Pivot Blanc·he n’a pas essayé de passer entre ces deux adversaires lié·es.

4.1.5. Unsporting Contact

Some contact is considered unsporting, either because it falls outside the boundaries of expected normal gameplay or is inherently unsafe.

—Origin: Section 4.1.5

Scenario C4.1.5.A

White Jammer is stuck behind a Red wall. They push forward, but cannot find a way to break through. They strike their knee into Red Blocker’s buttocks. Red Blocker stumbles but does not go down or out. White Jammer fails to break through the wall.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he reçoit une pénalité.

Raisonnement : Un·e Patineur·se qui donne un coup de manière volontaire et puissant à un·e adversaire avec son coude ou avec son genou devrait recevoir une pénalité, indépendamment de la perte de position ou de l’avantage obtenu. Ce geste est dangereux et antisportif.

Remarque : Le fait que ce geste est intentionnel n’est qu’une des raisons pour laquelle une pénalité est requise. Des actions illégales volontaires ne sont pas toujours pénalisées même si elles sont tacitement antisportives. En revanche, les actions illégales entreprises pour nuire à un·e adversaire sont toujours pénalisées.

Scenario C4.1.5.B

Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge fait tomber le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he. Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge s’incline, plaçant son torse au-dessus du·de la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he de façon à l’empêcher de se remettre debout.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge reçoit une pénalité.

Rationale: Though most positional blocks don’t typically result in a penalty, in this instance, Red Blocker intentionally positionally blocks a downed opponent. White Blocker cannot initiate a block from a downed status and thus cannot reestablish their position without earning a penalty of their own. This is unsporting conduct on the part of Red Blocker.

Scenario C4.1.5.C

Red Blocker is crouched with one hand on the track. White Blocker intentionally falls on top of Red Blocker, targeting a Legal Target Zone.

Outcome: White Blocker is expelled from the game for Unsporting Conduct.

Rationale: Falling onto an opponent is extremely dangerous and is an extraordinary physical threat to Red Blocker. Even though White Blocker was attempting to initiate into a Legal Target Zone, intentionally falling onto an opponent is unsporting conduct.

Keep in Mind: A Skater who is crouched with one hand on the floor does not count as down.

Keep in Mind: Skaters accidentally falling on each other due to natural gameplay is not unsporting conduct

Scenario C4.1.5.D

White Blocker is in a downed position on the track, directly at the skates of White Pivot. Red Blocker initiates contact to White Pivot, causing White Pivot to fall onto and over White Blocker.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge reçoit une pénalité.

Rationale: It is dangerous to block a Skater onto or over another downed Skater.

Keep in Mind: If Red Blocker had committed to their block before White Blocker had fallen down, a penalty would not be warranted.

Keep in Mind: If contact between White Pivot and White Blocker was not directly caused by Red Blocker’s actions (for example, there was a significant distance between White Pivot and White Blocker), a penalty would not be warranted.

Scenario C4.1.5.E

White Blocker and White Pivot make a two person wall with their shoulders touching. Red Jammer attempts to get between them by initiating with their shoulder. White Pivot disengages while White Blocker adjusts so that Red Jammer’s shoulder is between the White Blocker’s inner upper arm and body. White Blocker then exerts constant downward force on Red Jammer’s shoulder.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he reçoit une pénalité.

Rationale: Legal forms of blocking do not include holding an opponent, even when that contact is otherwise made with legal Blocking Zones and/or to legal Target Zones. A Skater must be able to disengage from a one-on-one block without breaking an opponent’s hold.

Keep in Mind: During the course of normal gameplay Skaters may unintentionally become entangled. If this contact is accidental, such as due to two Skaters falling, no penalty is warranted.

Keep in Mind: If instead of applying constant downwards force, White Blocker rapidly applied their entire body weight downwards onto Red Jammer’s shoulder, White Blocker should be expelled.

Scenario C4.1.5.F

Red Blocker initiates a shoulder-to-shoulder block against White Pivot. As White Pivot moves laterally, Red Blocker adjusts and places their leg in front of White Pivot’s leg so that the back of their upper thigh initiates to the front of White Pivot’s hip. White Pivot leans over and traps Red Blocker’s thigh between their upper arm and body and does not release the contact when Red Blocker attempts to remove their leg.

Outcome: White Pivot is expelled from the game.

Rationale: Restricting opponents by intentionally trapping or grabbing is considered outside the realm of normal gameplay. Grabbing an opponent’s leg in this way is an additionally dangerous and unsporting tactic, as it directly affects a Skater’s ability to balance and maintain a safe skating stance.

4.2. Pénalités concernant la structure du match

4.2.1. Illegal Positioning

Lorsqu’un Pack ne peut être défini, tou·tes les Bloqueur·ses se trouvent alors dans l’incapacité de bloquer.

—Origin: Section 4.2.1

Scenario C4.2.1.A

Red Pivot is the only Red Blocker on track. White Pivot forces Red Pivot Out of Bounds.

Conséquence : Les Arbitres déclarent une situation de No Pack. Aucun pénalité.

Raisonnement : La destruction du Pack est survenue à la suite du déroulement normal du jeu. Ceci ne devrait pas être considéré comme une destruction illégale du Pack.

Scenario C4.2.1.B

Red Pivot is the only Red Blocker on the track. Red Pivot attempts to block White Jammer as they pass. Red Pivot misses, and ends up Out of Bounds.

Conséquence : Les Arbitres déclarent une situation de No Pack. Aucun pénalité.

Raisonnement : La destruction du Pack est survenue à la suite du déroulement normal du jeu. Ceci ne devrait pas être considéré comme une destruction illégale du Pack.

Scenario C4.2.1.C

Red Pivot is the only Red Blocker on the track. Red Pivot intentionally skates Out of Bounds.

Conséquence : Les Arbitres déclarent une situation de No Pack. On demande au·à la Pivot Rouge de rester sur la piste et il·elle est pénalisé·e.

Rationale: Red Pivot’s illegal action (stepping Out of Bounds) destroyed the Pack. Red Pivot is the final remaining Red Blocker, and must remain on the track so that a Pack can be formed.

Scenario C4.2.1.D

Red Pivot is the only Red Blocker on the track, and is being blocked by White Pivot and White Blocker. White Pivot forces Red Pivot Out of Bounds, and Officials declare a No Pack situation. White Pivot and White Blocker immediately skate ahead of Red Pivot, who is now behind all other Blockers. Red Pivot still does not return to the track. As a result, the Pack is unable to be reformed.

Conséquence : Le·la Pivot Rouge est pénalisé·e et on lui demande de revenir sur la piste et d’y rester jusqu’à ce qu’un·e autre Bloqueur·se Rouge revienne dans le Pack.

Rationale: Red Pivot was able to legally reenter the track once all other Blockers were ahead of them. Red Pivot is not required to return to the track until they can legally do so, and is not required to skate clockwise in order to find a legal reentry point. In this scenario, however, Red Pivot had a legal opportunity because all other Blockers were ahead of them. Further, Red Pivot did not heed the warning from the Officials, and thus should be penalized for preventing a Pack from reforming. As Red Pivot is the final remaining Red Blocker, they must remain on the track so that a Pack can be formed.

Keep in Mind: If White Pivot or White Blocker had not skated forward, one or both of them would have been penalized instead of Red Pivot for preventing a Pack from reforming by forcing the only opposing Blocker to remain Out of Bounds.

Scenario C4.2.1.E

Red Pivot is skating 9 ft (2.74 m) behind the White Blockers and 9 ft (2.74 m) ahead of the other Red Blockers. Their knee pad slips down their leg, and is no longer protecting their knee. Red Pivot takes themself off the track in order to adjust their equipment, creating a No Pack situation.

Conséquence : Les Arbitres déclarent une situation de No Pack. Aucun pénalité.

Raisonnement : Même si les actions du·de la Pivot Rouge ont directement engendré une situation de « No Pack », elles ont été faites afin de répondre à un problème de sécurité. Les Patineur·ses ne sont pas pénalisé·es s’ils·elles agissent pour résoudre un problème de sécurité.

Scenario C4.2.1.F

White Jammer removes their helmet cover and attempts to hand it to White Pivot. During this process, the Star falls, touching Out of Bounds. White Jammer leaves the track to retrieve the helmet cover.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: The Jammer and the Pivot may leave the track of their own accord to retrieve a helmet cover that has fallen at least partially out of bounds. Not allowing them to do so would leave them unable to recover the helmet cover.

Scenario C4.2.1.G

White Jammer attempts an apex jump and fails to land in bounds. They land fully out of bounds, enter behind all Blockers, and continue to skate.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: White Jammer did not intend to remove themself from gameplay.

Keep in Mind: Should White Jammer successfully make the apex jump but still remove themself due to the belief that they did not complete it successfully, no penalty would be applicable.

Scenario C4.2.1.H

White Jammer is calling off the Jam. They skate out of bounds during the Jam-Ending Whistle.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: Skating out of bounds during the four whistles of a Jam call-off does not allow a Skater to score additional points nor gain meaningful advantage over any other Skater.

Scenario C4.2.1.I

Immediately after the Jam-Starting Whistle, all Red Blockers remain stationary. All White Blockers skate counterclockwise, resulting in more than 10 ft (3.05 m) between any White Blocker and Red Blocker.

Conséquence : Les Officiel·les déclarent une situation de No Pack. Aucune pénalité. Les Officiel·les attribuent des pénalités pour ne pas avoir reformé un Pack, au besoin.

Raisonnement : Des pénalités pour la destruction du Pack sont requises lorsque les Patineur·ses créent illégalement une situation de No Pack. Pour qu’une pénalité soit donnée, une équipe ou un·e Patineur·se doit avoir clairement engendré la destruction du Pack. Généralement, ce sera l’équipe ou le·la Patineur·se qui change sa vitesse par rapport à la vitesse établie du Pack. Dans ce scénario, aucune des équipes n’a changé sa vitesse : l’équipe Rouge est restée sur place, et l’équipe Blanche a patiné en sens antihoraire lorsque le Jam a commencé. Parce qu’il n’y a eu aucun changement de vitesse, aucune équipe n’est clairement en faute pour la destruction du Pack. Aucun pénalité n’est justifiée.

Keep in Mind: Had White skated clockwise at the start of the jam and caused a No Pack, a penalty for destroying the pack should be issued, as destroying the pack by skating clockwise is illegal when there is no established pack speed.

Scenario C4.2.1.J

Les Bloqueur·ses Blanc·hes forment à eux.elles quatre un mur, bloquant le·a Jammeur·se Rouge à l’arrière du Pack lorsqu’un « No Pack » est déclaré. Un·e Bloqueur·se Blanc·he patine vers l’avant pour reformer le Pack mais ne parvient pas à le faire avant plusieurs secondes. Les trois autres Bloqueur·ses Blanc·hes continuent de bloquer de manière active le·la Jammeur·se Rouge avant que le Pack ne soit reformé.

Conséquence : L’un·e des Bloqueur·ses Blanc·hes qui bloquait de manière active le·la Jammeur·se Rouge sera pénalisé·e.

Raisonnement : Tou·tes les Bloqueur·ses sont obligé·es d’essayer de reformer le Pack et pas seulement ceux·celles qui choisissent de le faire. Continuer de bloquer pendant une situation de No Pack est considéré comme un défaut de tentative de reformer le Pack.

Remarque : Si le Pack avait immédiatement été reformé, aucune pénalité n’aurait été émise.

Remarque : Si tou·tes les Bloqueur·ses Blanc·hes avaient accélérer pour essayer de reformer le Pack, aucune pénalité n’aurait été émise, même s’ils·elles l’avaient fait tout en maintenant leur mur en retenant le·la Jammeur·se Rouge à l’arrière.

Scenario C4.2.1.K

Red Jammer passes all members of the Pack except for White Pivot, who forces Red Jammer Out of Bounds to the outside of the track. While Red Jammer is Out of Bounds, the Pack skates counterclockwise ahead of Red Jammer. Red Jammer takes several strides while out of bounds, counterclockwise, to maintain their position ahead of the Pack and behind White Pivot, before returning in bounds.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est pénalisé·e.

Rationale: Skaters are not allowed to accelerate or maintain speed while Out of Bounds, unless they are doing so to hasten their return to the track or entry to the Penalty Box.

Keep in Mind: Accelerating or maintaining speed while Out of Bounds in the clockwise direction should not be penalized, as it does not allow the Out of Bounds Skater to maintain their position relative to In Bounds Skaters.

Scenario C4.2.1.L

Red Blocker is serving a penalty in the Penalty Box. Once their time completes, they are informed by the Penalty Box Official with the proper verbal cue, but Red Blocker remains within the designated Penalty Box area. The Penalty Box Official notices and warns Red Blocker to return to play. Red Blocker acknowledges the warning but remains in the Penalty Box area.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Rouge reçoit une pénalité.

Rationale: By remaining in the Penalty Box beyond their allotted penalty time, a Skater maintains an unblockable position. The Skater’s maintained position also interferes with normal Penalty Box operation (see Scenario C4.2.4.F).

Keep in Mind: If a Skater has been warned multiple times within the course of a game but returns to play after each warning, the Skater should receive a penalty. By repeatedly requiring a warning for the same action, the Skater is continually interfering with normal Penalty Box operation.

Keep in Mind: Skaters who maintain their position in or near the Penalty Box momentarily due to safety reasons (for example, waiting for an Outside Pack Referee to pass) before they return to play should not be warned or penalized.

Scenario C4.2.1.M

White Blockers form a four-person wall blocking Red Jammer at the front of the Pack when « No Pack » is declared. White Blockers continue to engage the Red Jammer and make no attempt to reform the Pack. Red Blockers in the rear of the Pack remain stationary for several seconds until one of the Red Blockers skates forward to reform the Pack.

Outcome: One White Blocker and one Red Blocker should be penalized.

Rationale: All Blockers are obligated to attempt to reform the Pack, not just those who choose to do so.

Keep in Mind: Even if multiple blockers fail to reform the Pack, only one blocker per team should be penalized, as it is the team’s responsibility to maintain a Pack.

Keep in Mind: Both teams should be penalized again if the Pack continues to remain undefined.

Scenario C4.2.1.N

White Jammer removes their helmet cover and attempts to pass it to White Pivot. During this process, White Jammer drops the Star. White Pivot takes a knee briefly to recover the star before handing the Star back to White Jammer.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: The Jammer or Pivot may briefly adopt a Down position to recover a helmet cover on the ground. There is not sufficient impact on gameplay if the Skater immediately acts to reestablish themself in a legal position after the recovery.

Keep in Mind: Assuming a downed position to recover a helmet cover is only legal if it is brief and has no other impact on gameplay. A Skater who fails to immediately return to a blockable status (by crawling or continued kneeling, for example) should be penalized.

4.2.2. Gain de position

It is illegal for a Skater to use the out-of-bounds area to gain position on someone who is Upright and In Bounds.

If a Skater is put Out of Bounds due to an opponent’s block, the Skater must return In Bounds behind that opponent, even if the Skater was in front of the opponent before being blocked.

—Origine Section 4.2.2

Scenario C4.2.2.A

White Pivot and White Blocker are ahead of Red Pivot. Red Pivot is forced out of bounds by White Pivot. White Blocker skates clockwise behind both Skaters. Red Pivot reenters the track behind White Pivot and ahead of White Blocker.

Conséquence : Le·la Pivot Rouge reçoit une pénalité.

Rationale: White Blocker had superior position when Red Pivot went out of bounds. Red Pivot is required to reenter behind both White Pivot and White Blocker.

Scenario C4.2.2.B

White Pivot and White Blocker are ahead of Red Pivot when « No Pack » is declared. Red Pivot is forced Out of Bounds by White Pivot. White Blocker skates clockwise behind both Skaters. Red Pivot reenters the track behind White Pivot and ahead of White Blocker.

Conséquence : Le·la Pivot Blanc·he et le·la Pivot Rouge sont tous deux pénalisé·es.

Rationale: White Pivot is penalized because they executed a block while Out of Play (due to the No Pack situation). Accordingly, Red Pivot was not required to reenter behind White Pivot. Even though there is no Pack, White Blocker had superior position when Red Pivot went out of bounds. Red Pivot must enter behind White Blocker.

Keep in Mind: If White Blocker were more than 20 ft (6.10 m) from the last defined Pack, Red Pivot should not be penalized.

Scenario C4.2.2.C

White Pivot and White Blocker are ahead of Red Pivot. White Pivot forces Red Pivot Out of Bounds. White Blocker skates clockwise behind both Skaters. White Blocker loses their balance, takes a knee, and returns Upright. Red Pivot reenters the track behind White Pivot and ahead of White Blocker.

Conséquence : Le·la Pivot Rouge reçoit une pénalité.

Rationale: Although White Blocker lost their superior position briefly while Down, they returned Upright before Red Pivot reentered. White Blocker was not the initiator of the block that forced Red Pivot Out of Bounds, and thus is able to reestablish their superior position.

Scenario C4.2.2.D

Red Blocker blocks White Jammer out of bounds to the outside just as White Blocker blocks Red Jammer Out of Bounds to the inside. Both Blockers were ahead of both Jammers before the blocks, and race clockwise to pull their opposing Jammers to the rear of the Pack. White Jammer returns behind all opponents, but Red Jammer returns behind White Blocker but ahead of Red Blocker.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: Cutting a single teammate does not have enough impact to warrant a penalty.

Remarque : Couper la piste devant plus d’un·e coéquipier·ère sera par contre pénalisé.

Keep in Mind: The same metrics should be applied when a Skater is returning to play from the Penalty Box.

Scenario C4.2.2.E

Red Pivot is forced Out of Bounds by White Pivot. White Blocker, who is behind both Pivots, skates counterclockwise past both Pivots, and then clockwise to their previous position. Red Pivot reenters the track behind White Pivot and ahead of White Blocker.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: When Red Pivot went Out of Bounds, White Blocker did not have superior position. Red Pivot is only required to reenter behind White Pivot.

Scenario C4.2.2.F

White Pivot is In Bounds but Down. Red Pivot dodges White Pivot, ending up Out of Bounds. White Pivot returns to an upright position. Red Pivot reenters the track ahead of White Pivot.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: Downed Skaters do not have superior position to Out of Bounds Skaters.

Scenario C4.2.2.G

White Pivot and White Blocker are ahead of Red Pivot. White Blocker forces Red Pivot Out of Bounds illegally and receives a penalty. As White Blocker leaves the track, they accidentally clip the skates of their teammate, White Pivot, who falls. Red Pivot reenters the track ahead of both Skaters.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: White Pivot was Down when Red Pivot reentered the track, and did not have superior position.

Scenario C4.2.2.H

White Pivot, White Blocker, and Red Jammer are 18 ft (5.48 m) ahead of a stopped Pack. Red Jammer is blocked Out of Bounds by White Pivot. White Pivot and White Blocker roll forward, and both are given an Out of Play warning. White Pivot and White Blocker skate clockwise back to the Pack. Red Jammer reenters the track ahead of both Skaters.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est pénalisé·e.

Rationale: White Pivot, as initiator of the block, lost their superior position on Red Jammer by leaving the Engagement Zone. Although White Blocker lost their superior position briefly by going Out of Play, they regained it by returning to the Engagement Zone before Red Jammer reentered. White Blocker was not the initiator of the block that forced Red Jammer Out of Bounds, and thus is able to reestablish their superior position.

Scenario C4.2.2.I

White Pivot, White Blocker, and Red Jammer are 18 ft (5.48 m) ahead of a stopped Pack. White Blocker skates forward and is given an Out of Play warning as White Pivot blocks Red Jammer Out of Bounds. White Blocker skates clockwise back to the Pack. Red Jammer reenters the track ahead of White Blocker and behind White Pivot.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: White Blocker was out of play when Red Jammer went Out of Bounds, and thus did not have superior position.

Scenario C4.2.2.J

Red Pivot blocks White Jammer to the inside and forward, across the apex. White Jammer returns fully In Bounds with both skates for a moment, and then immediately leaves the track.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Raisonnement : Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he n’a pas gagné de position de manière significative car il·elle a immédiatement quitté la piste.

Keep in Mind: If White Jammer had not immediately left the track, they should be penalized.

Scenario C4.2.2.K

Red Jammer is on their second trip through the Pack, having passed no White Blockers. Before Red Jammer can pass any opponent, White Pivot forces Red Jammer Out of Bounds across the apex. Red Jammer, while down, slides back in behind White Pivot. White Blocker skates clockwise behind Red Jammer. Red Jammer stands, completely In Bounds and starts skating forward.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est pénalisé·e.

Rationale: Skaters cannot reestablish their position on the track while down. Despite being completely In Bounds, the downed Red Jammer did not reestablish their In Bounds position until they were upright and not immediately exiting the track. White Blocker had superior position to Red Jammer when Red Jammer left the track, so Red Jammer cannot gain superior position due to their Out of Bounds status.

Scenario C4.2.2.L

Immediately after the Jam start, White Jammer blocks Red Jammer Out of Bounds. The Pack remains stopped while White Jammer skates clockwise around the track. Red Jammer remains Out of Bounds. White Jammer approaches the front of the Pack and legally passes the Star to White Pivot. Red Jammer re-enters the track behind the Pack, and ahead of both the new and former White Jammers.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: When Out of Bounds, Skaters must reenter the track without improving their position relative to other Skaters. Because the new White Jammer did not earn position on Red Jammer, Red Jammer did not need to reenter behind the new White Jammer. The former White Jammer, becoming a Blocker, is considered to be far ahead of Red Jammer (like all the other Blockers).

Scenario C4.2.2.M

Red Jammer passes all members of the Pack except for White Pivot, who forces Red Jammer Out of Bounds on the inside of the track. While Red Jammer is Out of Bounds, White Pivot skates clockwise behind the stopped Pack and past Red Jammer. Red Jammer takes several skating strides while Out of Bounds, counterclockwise, but reenters the track ahead of the Engagement Zone.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: When Out of Bounds to the inside of the track, Skaters may skate in any direction to return to the track. By re-entering the track ahead of the Engagement Zone, rather than being penalized, Red Jammer is considered to be entering to the rear of the Engagement Zone, behind the Pack and White Pivot.

4.2.3. Interfering with the Flow of the Game

Tous les efforts doivent être faits par les équipes et les Officiel·les pour veiller à ce que le chronomètre officiel de période s’écoule selon les règles du jeu, et que les Jams débutent et se terminent comme indiqués dans les règles.

—Origin: Section 4.2.3

Scenario C4.2.3.A

Une pénalité est donnée au·à la Pivot Blanc·he, qui quitte la piste et se rend en Penalty Box. La Penalty Box est pleine et on indique au·à la Pivot Blanc·he de revenir sur la piste. Lorsque le·la Pivot Blanc·he revient dans le Pack, le Jam s’arrête. Le·la Pivot Blanc·he retourne sur le banc de son équipe.

Outcome: Officials should attempt to warn White Pivot that White Pivot is In Queue for a penalty. If they are not successful, when 30 seconds have passed since the end of the previous Jam, Officials must call an Official Timeout instead of starting the next Jam. White Pivot should be penalized.

Rationale: White Pivot is In Queue to serve their penalty, and must be on the track so they can serve their penalty during the next Jam.

Scenario C4.2.3.B

Officials give Skaters a five-second warning before the start of the next Jam. White team finishes their discussion, and five White Skaters approach the track. All are Out of Bounds or straddling as the Lineup Time expires.

Conséquence : Au lieu de commencer le prochain Jam à ce moment-là, les Officiel·les doivent prendre un OTO. Le·la Capitaine Blanc·he est pénalisé·e.

Raisonnement : L’équipe Blanche n’a pas aligné ses Patineur·ses dans la bonne position, ce qui a empêché le Jam de commencer dans les meilleurs délais et donc arrêtér le chronomètre de période de manière illégale.

Scenario C4.2.3.C

Officials give Skaters a five-second warning before the start of the next Jam. White team finishes their discussion, and five White Skaters approach the track. All are In Bounds, but ahead of the Pivot Line as the Lineup Time expires.

Conséquence : Au lieu de commencer le prochain Jam à ce moment-là, les Officiel·les doivent prendre un OTO au lieu de débuter le prochain Jam. Le·la Capitaine Blanc·he est pénalisé·e.

Raisonnement : L’équipe Blanche n’a aligné aucun de ses Bloqueur·ses dans la bonne position, ce qui a empêché le Jam de commencer dans les meilleurs délais.

Scenario C4.2.3.D

As the Lineup Time expires, White team has four Blockers correctly positioned, but White Jammer is still Out of Bounds.

Conséquence : Au lieu de commencer le prochain Jam à ce moment-là, les Officiel·les doivent prendre un OTO. Le·la Capitaine Blanc·he est pénalisé·e.

Raisonnement : L’équipe Blanche n’a pas aligné de Jammeur·se correctement positionné.e, ce qui a empêché le Jam de commencer dans les meilleurs délais.

Keep in Mind: If Red Jammer had also been Out of Bounds, both Captains would have received a penalty for preventing the Jam from starting in a timely manner.

Keep in Mind: If a White Skater had been correctly positioned as a Jammer but did not possess a visible Star, they are not the Jammer. Assuming the White team does not have a Jammer serving a penalty, White’s team’s Captain would receive a penalty for preventing the Jam from starting in a timely fashion.

Scenario C4.2.3.E

White team has used three Team Timeouts during the game. White Captain calls for a Team Timeout. Officials, mistakenly believing that White team has timeouts remaining, grant the request.

Conséquence : Si l’équipe Blanche possède encore une OR, on considérera qu’elle l’a utilisé en tant que TTO. Sinon, le·la Capitaine Blanc·he sera pénalisé·e et le prochain Jam débutera dès que possible, mais au moins 30 secondes après la fin du Jam précédent.

Raisonnement : La tentative réussie mais illégale du·de la Capitaine Blanc·he d’arrêter le chronomètre de période a empêché le prochain Jam de commencer dans les temps. Si le·la Capitaine Blanc·he avait des moyens légaux d’empêcher le Jam de commencer, ces moyens doivent être considérés.

Remarque : Les Officiel·les doivent refuser les demandes de TTO si cette équipe n’en possède plus. Aucune pénalité ne sera donnée si on refus une requête invalide de TTO.

Scenario C4.2.3.F

Le Jam 23 est arrêté en raison d’une blessure du·de la Pivot Blanc·he. Le·la même Patineur·se s’aligne sur la piste pour le départ du Jam 26.

Conséquence : Les Officiel·les doivent essayer de communiquer au·à la Patineur·se Blanc·he qu’il·elle n’a pas le droit de participer à ce Jam. Si les Officiel·les n’y parviennent pas, lorsque 30 secondes se sont écoulées depuis la fin du Jam précédent, les Officiel·les doivent prendre un OTO au lieu de démarrer le Jam suivant. Le·la Pivot Blanc·he retourne sur le banc de son équipe pour rester à l’écart du Jam restant, tel que requis. Le·la Capitaine Blanc·he est pénalisé·e.

Raisonnement : Le manquement du·de la Patineur·se Blanc·he à rester à l’écart du nombre de Jams requis a empêché le prochain Jam de commencer dans les temps. Le·la Patineur·se Blanc·he ne peut purger sa pénalité à ce moment pour cette même raison, elle est alors donnée au·à la Capitaine.

Remarque : Si les Official·les pensent que la blessure du·de la Patineur·se Blanc·he constitue un risque sérieux et immédiat pour ce·tte Patineur·se ou les autres, les Officiel·les ne doivent pas permettre au·à la Patineur·se Blanc·he de patiner à nouveau quel que soit le nombre de Jams qui se sont écoulés.

Scenario C4.2.3.G

White Pivot (who is neither the Captain nor the Alternate) walks up to an Official and requests a Team Timeout. That Official, mistakenly believing White Pivot is the Captain, grants the request.

Conséquence : Lorsque l’erreur est constatée, les Officiel·les doivent prendre un OTO. Le·la Pivot Blanc·he est pénalisé·e. Le prochain Jam débute aussi tôt que possible, mais au moins 30 secondes après la fin du précédent Jam.

Raisonnement : La tentative réussie mais illégale du.de la Pivot Blanc·he d’arrêter le chronomètre de période a empêché le prochain Jam de commencer dans les temps.

Keep in Mind: If the illegal requester is not a Skater, the penalty is issued to the Captain instead. Officials should deny requests for a Team Timeout if the requester is neither a Captain nor a Alternate. No penalty is warranted if an invalid request for a Team Timeout is denied.

Scenario C4.2.3.H

White Pivot (who is neither the Captain nor the Alternate) uses hand signals to communicate with their Captain, asking for a Team Timeout to be called. Officials, mistaking the White Pivot’s hand signals for a legal request, call a Team Timeout.

Conséquence : Lorsque l’erreur est constatée, les Officiel·les doivent prendre un OTO. Le·la Pivot Blanc·he n’est pas pénalisé·e. Aucun TTO n’est comptabilisé pour l’équipe Blanche. Le prochain Jam débute aussi tôt que possible, mais au moins 30 secondes après la fin du Jam précédent. Aucune pénalité.

Raisonnement : Le·la Pivot Blanc·he était en train d’essayer de communiquer avec son·sa Capitaine. Il·elle n’essayait pas de demander un TTO aux Officiel·les.

Scenario C4.2.3.I

During the Lineup Time, a Red Blocker is seated in the Penalty Box. Red team fields four Blockers on the track. Officials do not notice the extra Blocker, and the next Jam begins. Immediately after the Jam starts an Official notices and instructs a Red Blocker to return to their team bench. The Red Blocker leaves as instructed.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: The extra Blocker was removed from gameplay before their presence had any impact on the Jam in progress. If the Skater who was instructed to leave instead remains on the track, the Officials should end the Jam and assess a penalty to the Skater.

Keep in Mind: If the extra Blocker was not immediately noticed, and therefore had impact on the Jam in progress, the Officials should end the Jam and assess a penalty to the Captain instead.

Keep in Mind: If an Official notices the extra Blocker before the five-second warning, they should attempt to warn the team that there are too many Skaters on the track before the five-second warning occurs.

4.2.4. Autres procédures illégales

Les Patineur·ses qui enfreignent les règles du jeu doivent être pénalisé·es si l’infraction a un impact significatif sur le jeu.

—Origine Section 4.2.4

Scenario C4.2.4.A

Le·la Capitaine Blanc·he ne porte pas une lettre « C » visible. Il·elle effectue le signal pour demander un TTO.

Conséquence : Les Officiel·les accordent le TTO. Le·la Capitaine Blanc·he est pénalisé.e

Raisonnement : Même s’il·elle ne porte pas un « C » visible, le·la Capitaine conserve son privilège de demander un TTO. Les Officiel·les doivent accorder cette demande si il.elle leur reste un TTO ; toutefois, exercer un privilège de Capitaine sans porter de lettre « C » visible justifie une pénalité.

Keep in Mind: This same principle should also be applied to a Alternate not wearing an « A ». If the Alternate is not a Skater, the penalty is issued to the Captain.

Scenario C4.2.4.B

White Captain calls an Official Review. Officials grant the request. Red Alternate, while not visibly displaying an « A, » conferences with the Head Referee during the Official Review.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Rationale: Red Alternate’s failure to visibly display an « A » while conferencing for an Official Review does not meaningfully affect the game, nor warrant a penalty.

Scenario C4.2.4.C

Scenario moved and renumbered to Scenario C4.4.4.A

Scenario C4.2.4.D

Red Jammer arrives at the Penalty Box for a penalty, sits, is told to stand 20 seconds later, and stands. They then watch the scoreboard count down 10 seconds, and leave the Box without being told to do so by an Official.

Outcome: Red Jammer should be penalized if they completely left the Box even a fraction of a second early.

Raisonnement : Si le temps du·de la Jammeur·se Rouge s’était écoulé et qu’il·elle n’avait pas été relâché·e, ceci aurait été considéré comme une erreur d’arbitrage et le·la Jammeur·se Rouge ne sera pas sanctionné·e pour cette action. Toutefois, le fait de quitter la Box trop tôt sans aucune bonne raison devrait toujours être pénalisé.

Remarque : Si un·e Officiel·le avait dit au·à la Jammeur·se Rouge que son temps s’était écoulé, le·la Jammeur·se Rouge aurait eu une bonne raison de quitter la Box plus tôt.

Scenario C4.2.4.E

White Blocker is seated in the Penalty Box and asks someone on the bench to toss them their water bottle. A teammate on the bench throws a full bottle of water at White Blocker, who catches it just before it hits a Penalty Box Official in the face.

Conséquence : La personne qui a jeté la bouteille d’eau devrait être pénalisée. Si c’est un·e membre du Staff de l’équipe qui a jeté la bouteille, alors le·la Capitaine devrait être pénalisé·e. Les Officiel·les doivent avertir l’équipe Blanche que jeter des objets est considéré comme dangereux. À la prochaine infraction, celui·celle qui jettera la bouteille devra être expulsé·e.

Raisonnement : Cette action est considérée comme dangereuse et donc inappropriée.

Remarque : Si la bouteille d’eau avait percuté l’Officiel·le de manière violente et inattendue, celui·celle qui a jeté la bouteille devraitt être expulsé·e dès la première infraction.

Scenario C4.2.4.F

White Blocker, who is seated in the Penalty Box serving a penalty, is talking with their Captain, who is hovering near the Penalty Box boundary. While communicating, said Captain shifts their weight and one skate rolls over the Penalty Box boundary line and back.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Raisonnement : Même si le·la Capitaine n’a pas le droit d’entrer dans la Box, cette entrée fut brève et le·la Capitaine n’est pas entré.e entièrement. Une entrée partielle dans la Box n’est pas pénalisée.

Keep in Mind: If the Captain (or any unpenalized Skater/Team Staff) fully enters the Box and communicates with a penalized Skater or interferes with normal Penalty Box operation, they should be assessed a penalty.

Keep in Mind: If the Captain (or any unpenalized Skater/Team Staff) had passed through the Box, without interacting with their penalized teammate or interrupting the operation of the Box, no penalty should be assessed even if the Captain (or Skater/Team Staff) had fully entered the Box.

Scenario C4.2.4.G

During the jam, an official notices a mouthguard on the track. No Skater is making an immediate attempt to retrieve the mouthguard.

Outcome: The jam is immediately called off. An Illegal Procedure penalty is assessed to the Skater without a mouthguard.

Rationale: A mouthguard is required safety equipment for all Skaters. If a skater is completely missing a required piece of safety equipment, unless it is immediately replaced, the jam should be called and the skater penalized.

Keep in Mind: If the mouthguard was not removed intentionally, and a Skater immediately retrieves and replaces the mouthguard before the officials call off the jam, play may continue without a penalty. If the mouthguard is not immediately retrieved, officials should call off the jam and issue the penalty.

4.3. Penalties for Unsporting Conduct (Misconduct)

Misconduct can take many forms and does not have to be intentional to be considered unsporting.

Actions which seriously undermine the legitimacy of the sport or display a lack of respect for the sport, its execution, and those who contribute to it may also be penalized.

—Origine Section 4.3

Scenario C4.3.A

Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge et le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he sont dans la Penalty Box. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge se met debout. Après sept secondes, le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he dit soudainement : « Red, [numéro], done ». Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge, en croyant qu’il·elle est a été relâché·e de manière légale par un·e Officiel·le, sort de la Box et retourne sur la piste.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he est pénalisé·e. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge ne l’est pas. Les Officiel·les doivent demander au·à la Jammeur·se Rouge de revenir dans la Box pour finir le reste de son temps de pénalité.

Raisonnement : Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he a imité les instructions verbales d’un·e Officiel·le pour essayer de forcer une pénalité sur le·la Jammeur·se adverse, ce qui est un geste considéré comme antisportif et qui est pénalisé de la sorte. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge a quitté la Box de bonne foi, croyant qu’il·elle avait été relâché par les Officiel·les. Il·elle doit cependant purger le reste de son temps de pénalité initial.

Scenario C4.3.B

Scenario moved and renamed to Scenario C4.1.5.B

Scenario C4.3.C

Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he retire le couvre-casque du·de la Jammeur·se Rouge de manière délibérée.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge perd de manière temporaire sa capacité à marquer des points ou à gagner le statut de Lead Jammer parce que le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he lui a enlevé son Étoile de manière volontaire. Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he est expulsé·e du match.

Raisonnement : Enlever de manière volontaire le couvre-casque d’un·e adversaire est un comportement antisportif majeur. Il doit être pénalisé par une expulsion, qu’il y ait eu ou non un impact sur la tête du·de la Jammeur·se, même si tout contact intentionnel envers la tête d’un·e adversaire justifie également une expulsion.

Scenario C4.3.D

Le Jam débute et le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he prend rapidement le Lead. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge retire immédiatement son Étoile et essaie de la passer par dessus les têtes de ses adversaires au·à la Pivot Rouge, mais n’arrive pas à le faire. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge met l’Étoile dans son maillot pour ne pas avoir à la tenir dans ses mains pendant qu’il·elle essaie de se frayer un passage dans le Pack.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge a caché l’Étoile de ses adversaires et il·elle a également dissimulé le fait qu’il·elle est le·la Jammeur·se de son équipe. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est pénalisé·e.

Rationale: It is unsporting to attempt to hide your Role in the Jam.

Remarque : Si le·la Jammeur·se Rouge avait tenu l’Étoile dans sa main au lieu de la cacher dans son maillot, aucune pénalité n’aurait été émise car sa possession de l’Étoile serait restée visible.

Scenario C4.3.E

Venant tout juste d’être libéré·e de la Penalty Box, le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he revient sur la piste, en utilisant son avant-bras pour pousser un·e Arbitre hors de son chemin afin qu’il·elle puisse garder sa trajectoire.

Conséquence : Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he est expulsé·e du match.

Rationale: Some intentional contact between Skaters and Officials, such as non-forceful touching to indicate location, or actively absorbing contact to increase safety, is not an expellable offense. However, forceful contact to Officials which is avoidable or negligent is unsporting.

Keep in Mind: Forceful contact to an Official which avoidable or negligent always warrants an expulsion. These actions are considered sufficiently dangerous or unsporting and should not be reduced to a penalty without an accompanying expulsion.

Scenario C4.3.F

Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he reçoit une pénalité et jure.

Conséquence : Un langage injurieux, offensant et obscène est considéré comme antisportif et dégradant pour le sport, mais il ne doit pas toujours être pénalisé. Si les propos en question sont entendus par le public ou diffusés en direct, le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he sera alors pénalisé·e. Si les insultes du·de la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he étaient dirigées vers un·e Officiel·le, le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he sera pénalisé·e. Autrement, quelques mots dirigés vers un·e coéquipier·ère ou un·e adversaire doivent entraîner seulement un avertissement et doivent être pénalisés uniquement si ce comportement continue.

Raisonnement : En tant que sport compétitif et physique, le roller derby peut faire monter le niveau d’adrénaline des Patineur·ses et enflammer les esprits ; une certaine retenue s’applique. Le langage grossier audible nuit au sport et le langage injurieux ou offensant dirigé vers les Officiel·les est considéré comme irrespectueux et insubordonné. Le langage injurieux ou offensant concernant les Officiel·les est considéré comme étant dirigé vers les Officiel·les en tant que groupe et doit être pénalisé s’il est entendu par l’un des Officiel·les.

Keep in Mind: Any language that is profane or obscene should be held to a similar standard.

Remarque : Un·e Patineur·se qui prononce une série de grossièretés ou qui semble avoir complètement perdu son sang froid doit être expulsé·e indépendamment de la personne envers qui l’injure est adressée.

Remarque : Il est indispensable de faire preuve de jugement afin de déterminer si le langage est dégradant pour le sport ou envers les autres.** Un·e Patineur·se qui émet des injures pour des raisons qui ne sont pas liées au jeu, comme jurer lors d’une blessure douloureuse, ne doit pas nécessairement être pénalisé.

Scenario C4.3.G

Scenario moved and renamed to Scenario C4.1.5.C

Scenario C4.3.H

White Blocker is standing in a wall alongside their teammates. Red Jammer, while attempting to pass White Blocker, jumps and unintentionally makes contact with their chest into White Blocker’s shoulder. Red Jammer is completely airborne when the contact is made. White Blocker does not fall, but is pushed forward out of the wall.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est pénalisé·e.

Rationale: Initiating a block while airborne is dangerous play. White Blocker lost their established position in the wall due to Red Jammer’s illegal contact.

Keep in Mind: Non-forceful and unintentional contact initiated by an airborne Skater (for example, brushing shoulders during an apex jump) should only be penalized if there is significant impact on the recipient.

Keep in Mind: Skaters may initiate a block on an airborne opponent, if that opponent was a legal target prior to becoming airborne.

Scenario C4.3.I

White Blocker is standing in a wall alongside their teammates. Red Jammer jumps at White Blocker, making forceful contact while airborne. Red Jammer had no reasonable expectation of landing in a legal manner. White Blocker, however, remains upright.

Outcome: Red Jammer should be considered for expulsion.

Rationale: Initiating a block while airborne is dangerous play. A flagrant violation of this rule poses a safety hazard to White Blocker. An expulsion would be warranted if the action was judged to be negligent, intentional, or reckless, regardless of whether White Blocker lost position.

Scenario C4.3.J

A Governing Body policy limits the number of bench Staff allowed on the bench. Red team has the maximum allowed support staff on the bench; however, in between Jams, an additional support staff runs into the bench area and communicates with the Alternate.

Outcome: A penalty for unsporting conduct is issued to the Red Captain, and the extra support staff is removed from the bench.

Rationale: Both teams agreed to play the game under the Governing Body policy. Violating agreed-upon terms is unsporting and should be penalized.

Keep in Mind: Policies may neither change nor override the published rules. In addition, policies also may not directly impact gameplay. Issues that are identified and resolved prior to the beginning of the game should not result in the assessment of penalties.

Scenario C4.3.K

Scenario moved and renamed to Scenario C4.1.5.D

Scenario C4.3.L

An Official overhears a Skater making hateful, prejudiced, and/or bigoted remarks.

Outcome: The Skater is expelled.

Rationale: Abusive conduct, including but not limited to making remarks or gestures of a racist / sexist / homophobic / transphobic / ableist nature is degrading to the sport and others.

Keep in Mind: Some instances of abusive conduct may be contextual and as a result of ignorance. If the Skater was not reasonably aware that their conduct was abusive, a warning or penalty may be appropriate.

Keep in Mind: Applying in-game penalties for abusive conduct does not prevent event organizers from taking additional actions external to gameplay as they deem appropriate. If the abusive conduct was not seen/heard by Officials but instead was reported to Officials (or event organizers), resolution should be handled external to gameplay via the event’s procedures.

Scenario C4.3.M

During the Lineup Time, Red team has eight Blockers between the Pivot and Jammer lines, and two Jammers behind the Jammer line. Officials give Skaters a five-second warning, and the extraneous skaters begin to leave the track.

Outcome: Instead of starting the next Jam, at that moment, the Officials must call an Official Timeout. Red Captain is Penalized.

Rationale: While fielding an extra skater may happen accidentally (See Scenario 4.2.3.I), intentionally fielding several more Skaters than allowed in the Rules is considered unsporting. The deliberate involvement of these extraneous Skaters (Blockers and/or Jammers) affects the starting positions of the Skaters intending to play in the next Jam.

Keep in Mind: Other situations which include the deliberate positioning of too many Skaters on or near the track area (such as standing next to the track boundary) during the Lineup Time are also considered unsporting.

Scenario C4.3.N

Red Jammer moves through the Pack and is legally blocked by White Blocker into the infield, immediately colliding with the Jammer Referee, which causes the Jammer Referee to fall.

Outcome: Red Jammer is not penalized.

Rationale: Skaters and Officials routinely collide during the course of normal gameplay. This is usually unintentional and unavoidable, in which case it should not be penalized even if the contact is considered forceful.

Scenario C4.3.O

Having been assessed a penalty, White Pivot exits the track and heads towards the Penalty Box. As White Pivot skates they approach an Outside Pack Referee, who is skating at a consistent speed and distance from the track boundary. White Pivot does not adjust their trajectory, and impacts the Outside Pack Referee in the back, which causes the Referee to stumble briefly.

Outcome: White Pivot is expelled from the game.

Rationale: Contact to an Official who does not expect it or to an Official who is not wearing safety equipment is unsafe and negligent.

Keep In Mind: If the Outside Pack Referee had a sudden change of position causing White Pivot to collide with them, White Pivot should not be penalized as the contact is considered unavoidable in this instance.

Scenario C4.3.P

Red Blocker attempts to block White Jammer, misses, and ends up Out of Bounds. While attempting to return In Bounds, Red Blocker’s shoulder brushes the elbow pad of an Outside Pack Referee.

Outcome: Red Blocker is not penalized.

Rationale: The contact between Red Blocker and the Official was not forceful. No penalty should be assessed, even if the contact is considered avoidable.

4.4. Mise en application des pénalités

Upon completion of the correct verbal cue and hand signal from an Official, the penalized Skater must immediately leave the track.

—Origine Section 4.4

Scenario C4.4.A

Scenario moved and renamed to Scenario C4.4.3.A

Scenario C4.4.B

Red Jammer is skating at the front of the Pack, close to the inside track boundary, when they are assessed a penalty. Red Jammer takes themself out of bounds to the inside of the track, and pauses to allow the Pack to skate past them. When their path is clear, Red Jammer skates across to the outside of the track, and then continues around toward the Penalty Box.

Outcome: No additional penalty.

Rationale: After receiving a penalty, Skaters are required to disengage from play and exit the track to the outside when they have a safe and legal opportunity to do so. Red Jammer momentarily entered the infield in order to remove themself from play. At the first safe and legal opportunity, they left the track to the outside. No additional penalty is warranted.

Keep in Mind: Skaters remain liable for additional penalties related to safety and must not interfere with Officials performing their duties.

Scenario C4.4.C

Red Pivot is skating along the straightaway opposite the Pivot and Jammer Lines, close to the inside track boundary. They are assessed a penalty and take themself out of bounds to the inside of the track. Red Pivot then skates across the infield and the straightaway with the Pivot and Jammer Lines to enter the Penalty Box.

Outcome: Red Pivot is assessed an additional penalty.

Rationale: After receiving a penalty, Skaters are required to exit the track to the outside relative to where that penalty was issued. Red Pivot exits the track to the opposite side of where they were initially penalized.

Scenario C4.4.D

Red Pivot is assessed a penalty at the end of the straightaway opposite the Pivot and Jammer Lines, just before the turn. They acknowledge the penalty, and skate directly towards the Penalty Box. The path they take toward the Penalty Box results in their exiting the track near the Jammer Line.

Outcome: Red Pivot is assessed an additional penalty.

Rationale: After receiving a penalty, Skaters are required to exit the track to the outside, relative to where that penalty was issued. Red Pivot exits the track a significant distance from where they were initially penalized.

4.4.1. Mise en application des pénalités pour les Bloqueur·ses

Skaters serve 30 seconds of Jam time for each penalty assessed to them.

—Origine Section 4.4

Scenario C4.4.1.A

Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he arrive en Penalty Box et un·e Officiel·le de la Penalty Box lui demande de s’asseoir sur le siège le plus à droite. Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he s’assoit dans le siège le plus à gauche.

Conséquence : L’Officiel·le de la Penalty Box doit commencer à chronométrer la pénalité puis demander au·à la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he de se déplacer sur le siège indiqué.

Raisonnement : Le temps de pénalité commence dès que le·la Patineur·se pénalisé·e est assis·e dans la Penalty Box. Le temps ne s’arrête pas pendant qu’il·elle change de siège.

Scenario C4.4.1.B

Le·la Pivot Rouge se met debout dans la Penalty Box. L’espace dédié à la Box n’est pas très profond et son patin touche déjà la ligne. Deux Bloqueur·ses Rouges entrent dans la Box ensemble. Le·la Pivot Rouge essaie de leur laisser de la place pour s’asseoir et ce faisant, son patin se déplace complètement en dehors de la Penalty Box. Il·elle revient tout de suite à l’intérieur de la Box.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Raisonnement : Même si les Patineur·ses n’ont pas le droit de quitter la Box de façon prématurée, les circonstances atténuantes de cet exemple font en sorte que l’impact envers le match est négligeable. Le·la Pivot Rouge n’essayait pas de gagner un avantage illégal ou de sortir de manière illégale, mais était tout simplement coincé·e en raison des dimensions de la Penalty Box.

4.4.2. Mise en application des pénalités pour les Jammeur·ses

Un·e Jammeur·se peut voir son temps de pénalité réduit si l’autre Jammeur·se reçoit également une pénalité.

—Origine Section 4.4.2

Scenario C4.4.2.A

White Jammer receives a penalty, reports to the Penalty Box, and is seated. They serve 25 seconds of their penalty when Red Jammer arrives and sits to serve their own penalty. White Jammer is released, thus consigning Red Jammer to serve 25 seconds. White Jammer returns to the track illegally, and is back in the Box 10 seconds after their prior release to serve their second penalty. Red Jammer leaves the Box.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est pénalisé·e pour avoir quitté la Box 15 secondes trop tôt. Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he doit rester 30 secondes à partir du moment où il·elle s’assoit.

Raisonnement : Pour purger la même durée de temps « par pénalité », le·la Jammeur·se Rouge doit purger les 25 secondes que le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he a purgé initialement. En d’autres termes, le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he qui s’assoit pour une pénalité sans rapport n’a aucun impact sur le temps que le·la Jammeur·se Rouge doit purger.

Keep in Mind: Red Jammer owes 45 more seconds: 15 from their first penalty, and 30 from their second penalty.

Remarque : La deuxième pénalité du·de la Jammeur·se Rouge pourrait diminuer le temps à purger pour la deuxième pénalité du·de la Jammeur·se Blanc·he, mais les 15 secondes de la première pénalité du·de la Jammeur·se Rouge ne peuvent être réduites.

Scenario C4.4.2.B

Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he arrive en Penalty Box immédiatement derrière le·la Jammeur·se Rouge. Les deux essaient de s’asseoir en premier et ce faisant, s’assoient exactement au même moment.

Conséquence : L’Officiel·le de la Penalty Box doit informer les deux Jammeur·ses que leur temps est terminé et qu’ils·elles peuvent sortir de la Box.

Raisonnement : Lorsqu’ils·elles s’assoient en même temps dans la Box, ou bien lorsqu’ils·elles arrivent entre les Jams, chacun·e des Jammeur·ses annule la pénalité de l’autre. Les deux doivent donc immédiatement être relâché·es.

Remarque : S’il y a une minime différence de temps entre les Jammeur·ses qui s’assoient, ils·elles ne seront alors pas considéré·es comme s’étant assis.e en même temps.

Remarque : Si les deux Jammeur·ses s’assoient entre les Jams, ils·elles seront considéré·es comme assis·es en même temps et doivent immédiatement être libéré·es au début du prochain Jam.

Scenario C4.4.2.C

Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge s’assoit dans la Penalty Box et a purgé 15 secondes lorsque le Jam se termine. Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he reçoit une pénalité lors des coups de sifflet de fin du Jam et se rend en Box entre les Jams.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he s’est dirigé·e en Box entre les Jams, ce qui terminera la pénalité du·de la Jammeur·se Rouge au début du prochain Jam. Un·e Officiel·le de la Penalty Box doit demander au·à la Jammeur·se Rouge de se lever et lui dire que son temps de pénalité est terminé lors du coup de sifflet de départ du Jam. Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he doit purger 15 secondes.

Raisonnement : Même si la pénalité du·de la Jammeur·se Blanc·he a mis fin à la pénalité du·de la Jammeur·se Rouge plus tôt que prévu, le·la Jammeur·se Rouge doit tout de même commencer le prochain Jam à partir de la Box. Les pénalités sont uniquement chronométrées quand les Jams sont actifs ; de ce fait, les échanges de Jammeur·ses se produisent uniquement pendant le déroulement d’un Jam.

Scenario C4.4.2.D

Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he reçoit une pénalité et s’assoit dans la Penalty Box pendant 15 secondes. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge reçoit une pénalité et arrive en Box, mais avant qu’il·elle ne s’assoit, le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he quitte la Box. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge s’assoit. Une pénalité est attribuée au·à la Jammeur·se Blanc·he pour avoir quitté la Box trop tôt et il·elle revient en Box. Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he s’assoit et le.la Jammeur·se Rouge est libéré.e.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he est pénalisé·e pour avoir quitté la Box trop tôt. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge s’assoit dans la Box alors qu’aucun·e autre Jammeur·se ne purge une pénalité. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est libéré·e au retour du·de la Jammeur·se Blanc·he. Le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he purge le temps qu’il reste de sa première pénalité, en plus du temps servi par le·la Jammeur·se Rouge.

Raisonnement : Un·e Jammeur·se qui purge une peine dans la Box est uniquement libéré·e lorsque l’autre Jammeur·se s’assoit dans la Box pour servir une pénalité. Même si le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he a été pénalisé·e en premier, il·elle n’était pas présent·e lorsque le·la Jammeur·se Rouge s’est assis.e. De ce fait, le·la Jammeur·se Rouge était alors le·la « Jammeur·se qui purgeait du temps en Box » qui a été libéré·e par le·la Jammeur·se Blanc·he « qui s’est assis·e dans la Box pour purger une pénalité ».

Remarque : Chaque pénalité est un segment de 30 secondes qui peut être raccourci tant que les Jammeur·ses purgent un temps équivalent.

4.4.3. Skaters Unable to Serve Penalties

Scenario C4.4.3.A

Le·la Pivot Blanc·he arrive en Penalty Box entre les Jams. Il·elle appelle son coach et lui indique qu’il·elle est blessé·e. Le·la coach envoie un·e nouveau·elle Patineur·se en Box. Le·la Pivot Blanc·he donne au·à la nouveau·elle Patineur·se le couvre-casque de Pivot et revient sur le banc.

Conséquence : Le temps de pénalité du·de la Pivot Blanc·he est purgé par un·e remplaçant·e. Le·la Pivot Blanc·he ne peut patiner sur les trois prochains Jams.

Rationale: Skaters may remove themselves from play when injured. A substitute may serve penalty time for an injured Skater, but the injured Skater may not participate in the next three Jams and the substituting Skater must fill the same Role the injured Skater filled.

Complément : Si le·la Pivot Blanc·he n’était pas blessé·e mais avait cassé son patin ou son équipement et n’aurait pu patiner dans le prochain Jam, un·e remplaçant·e serait également permis·e. Le·la Pivot Blanc·he n’aurait également pas le droit de patiner pendant les trois prochains Jams.

4.4.4. Protective Gear in the Penalty Box

Scenario C4.4.4.A

Pendant qu’il·elle est assis.e dans la Penalty Box, le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he enlève son protège-dents. L’Officiel·le de Penalty Box lui donne l’instruction de se lever, il·elle le fait sans remettre son protège-dents en bouche. Le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he se place au coin de la Box et est averti·e que son temps de pénalité est terminé. Il·elle remet alors son protège-dents en bouche et retourne en jeu.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Raisonnement : Les Joueur·ses ont le droit de retirer leur protège-dents de leur bouche lorsqu’ils·elles sont dans la Box, qu’ils·elles soient assis·es ou debout.

Remarque : Si le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he quitte la Box sans remettre son protège-dents, même s’il·elle le remet avant qu’il·elle ne retourne sur la piste, ceci entraînera une pénalité.

4.5. Exclusions et Expulsions

Les expulsions sont un moyen de pénaliser un·e Patineur·se ou le Personnel encadrant de l’équipe pour un acte qui présente un danger considérable ou qui est considéré comme antisportif, en retirant cet individu du match pour cette action.

—Origine Section 4.5

Scenario C4.5.A

While in bounds and in play, White Blocker initiates an extremely forceful block with a Legal Blocking Zone to a Legal Target Zone on Red Blocker. Red Blocker is knocked airborne, crashes to the track, and remains still until the Jam is called for injury. Red Captain calls an Official Review and requests that White Blocker be expelled for an egregious hit.

Résultat: Aucune pénalité.

Raisonnement : Les règles indiquent clairement la manière dont les Patineur·ses peuvent bloquer et le·la Bloqueur·se Blanc·he a respecté toutes les normes. Un·e Patineur·se ne peut être expulsé·e pour un jeu légal.

Scenario C4.5.B

Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge se précipite vers la Penalty Box pour purger sa pénalité. Il·elle crie « Je ne peux pas m’arrêter » et entre en collision avec la Box. Les chaises tombent en arrière sur un·e Officiel·le de Penalty Box. Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge s’excuse mais se plaint du plancher qui est sale devant la Box.

Conséquence : Le·la Jammeur·se Rouge est expulsé·e.

Raisonnement : Un jeu dangereux envers les Officiel·les, en particulier ceux·celles qui ne portent pas d’équipement de sécurité, est soumis à des standards différents que le jeu dangereux envers d’autres Patineur·ses. Il est de la responsabilité du·de la patineur·se d’entrer dans la Box d’une manière sûre ; ce n’est pas à l’Officiel·le d’éviter l’impact.

Remarque : Si un·e Officiel·le n’est pas en mesure d’éviter l’impact en raison des limitations de la salle, ceci est tout de même considéré comme un jeu dangereux (en raison des limitations de la salle). Le·la Patineur·se doit être conscient·e de son environnement autour de la piste, incluant les limites de place de la Box. Des facteurs environnementaux qui ne devraient pas être présents peuvent être atténuants, comme de l’eau sur la piste, et peuvent être pris en considération lors de la décision d’expulsion du·de la Patineur·se.

Remarque : Les Patineur·ses sont supposé·es être en contrôle de leur corps à tout moment, et pas simplement au moment d’entrer dans la Box. Toutefois, les adversaires, les coéquipier·ères, le Personnel encadrant de l’équipe et les Officiel·les à proximité immédiate de la piste pendant le déroulement du jeu sont également responsables et doivent essayer d’éviter le contact avec les Patineur·ses. Le contact envers des individus ou des équipements dans des zones où le jeu est en cours ne doit être pénalisé que si le contact est percutant et aurait pu être évité.

Scenario C4.5.C

Red Blocker receives their seventh penalty and immediately leaves the track. Knowing they have fouled out of the game, they go to their bench, collect their belongings, and exit to the locker room without reporting to the Penalty Box.

Outcome: No additional penalties are warranted. Red Blocker’s penalty time starts during the Jam once the Penalty Box Officials are made aware that Red Blocker has fouled out, or when a substitute is seated in the next Jam.

Rationale: Once a Skater fouls out, their penalty time starts when they are seated in the Penalty Box; however, by not reporting to the Box to take a seat, that moment never happens. The Penalty Box Officials may be instructed to begin timing once the foul out is confirmed, but if that communication is not possible before the end of the Jam, then the fouled-out Skater’s time begins when a substitute takes their place for the next Jam.

Keep in Mind: If the Skater had not fouled out but leaves the Jam for other reasons (such as equipment malfunction or injury), their time does not start until they are seated (or a substitute is seated in their place for the next Jam).

5. Arbitrage

5.1. Effectif d’arbitrage

Aucun scénario pour Section 5.1.

5.2. Missions

Aucun scénario pour Section 5.2.

5.3. Communication entre Patineur.ses et Officiel.les

Aucun scénario pour Section 5.3.

5.4. Attribuer des pénalités

All Referees may assess penalties to Skaters for illegal actions that have impact on the game. No penalty should be assessed unless the Official is certain that the penalty is warranted.

—Origin: Section 5.4

Scenario C5.4.A

Le.la Capitaine Blanc.he est le.la Jammeur.se et commet une pénalité. En réaction, le Staff de l’équipe Blanche jure de manière audible à l’encontre de l’Officiel.le qui a donné la pénalité.

Conséquence : Une pénalité est attribuée au.à la Capitaine Blanc.he pour l’insubordination du Staff de son équipe, mais le temps de pénalité du.de la Capitaine Blanc.he dans la Penalty Box en tant que Jammeur.se n’est pas prolongé. Après le Jam, si le.la Capitaine Blanc.he n’est plus assis.e dans la Box en tant que Jammeur.se, le.la Capitaine Blanc.he doit revenir en Box en tant que Bloqueur.se pour purger la pénalité causée par le Staff de son équipe.

Rationale: When a Captain serves a penalty due to the fact that they are the team’s Captain, the penalty is served with the Captain as a Blocker. In this scenario, the Captain was unable to immediately serve the penalty as a Blocker because they could not hold the Role of Blocker. As soon as they are able to skate as a Blocker, they should report to the Box as a Blocker in order to receive that penalty.

Scenario C5.4.B

White Blocker is penalized and directed to the Penalty Box. White Blocker seems unaware of the call and remains on the track. After several repeated calls, Officials are able to draw the attention of White Blocker, and they exit the track.

Outcome: White Blocker is penalized for neglectfully failing to immediately exit the track for a penalty.

Rationale: White Blocker has gained advantage and disrupted the flow of the game through lack of attention to clear instructions from the Officials.

Keep in Mind: Before assessing an additional penalty in this manner, Officials must ensure that:

1. The penalty was called using the correct hand signal and verbal cue.

2. The Official calling the penalty was correctly positioned for the Skater to potentially see the call.

3. The Official calling the penalty did so loudly enough to be heard, given the Official’s position, and the constraints and volume of the venue.

Scenario C5.4.C

White Blocker is penalized while blocking Red Jammer. After acknowledging the call, White Blocker continues blocking Red Jammer to allow White Blocker’s teammate to get in position and impede Red Jammer’s progress. White Blocker then exits the track.

Outcome: White Blocker is penalized for willfully failing to immediately exit the track for a penalty.

Rationale: White Blocker has gained advantage through intentional disregard of the rules.

Keep in Mind: A penalized Skater is not required to behave as if a penalty has been assessed until the Official has completed the appropriate hand signals and verbal cues.

Scenario C5.4.D

White Blocker commits a penalty and is directed to the Penalty Box by an Official. White Blocker skates towards the Penalty Box, remaining in bounds for a significant distance before exiting the track.

Outcome: White Blocker is penalized for willfully failing to immediately exit the track for a penalty.

Rationale: White Blocker has gained advantage through intentional disregard of the rules.

Keep in Mind: Factors that an Official would use to determine that a Skater has failed to immediately exit the track include, but are not limited to:

1. The Skater has substantially reduced the distance they needed to skate in order to enter the Penalty Box.

2. Intentional disruption of gameplay, substantially more than would be expected from a Skater who is safely, legally, and immediately exiting the track.

Keep in Mind: A penalized Skater who is attempting to exit the track legally, but does not have an opportunity due to gameplay conditions, should not be penalized in this manner.